Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding 2025, Vol.15, No.5, 176-184 http://genbreedpublisher.com/index.php/tgmb 182 breeding. At present, there is an increasing amount of data related to grape fruit quality. Integrated analysis platforms (such as TransMetaDb) have been initially established, which helps to explore the connections between key genes and metabolites and provides resources for functional validation and molecular design breeding (Gascuel et al., 2017; Savoi et al., 2022; Butiuc-Keul and Coste, 2023; García-Abadillo et al., 2024). In addition, the research on new genomic regulatory elements such as G-tetrahedral also provides new targets for grape stress resistance and quality improvement (Xie et al., 2025). 8.2 Integration of molecular breeding with climate-resilient viticulture Climate change has brought significant challenges to the quality and yield of grape fruits, especially the pressure of high temperatures, droughts and diseases. Combining molecular breeding techniques (such as genome selection, QTL mapping, gene editing, etc.) with traditional methods can accelerate the cultivation of new materials that are both of high quality and stress resistance. For instance, through genome-wide association study (GWAS) and high-density genetic mapping, multiple genes and QTLs related to fruit size, acidity and disease resistance have been identified, laying the foundation for aggregated stress resistance and superior traits (Tello et al., 2019; Bigard et al., 2020; Wang et al., 2021; Wang et al., 2022; García-Abadillo et al., 2024; Wang et al., 2024). Meanwhile, by using natural germplasm diversity and molecular marker-assisted selection, varieties with stronger adaptability can be bred for different climatic conditions, promoting sustainable cultivation (Bigard et al., 2018; Bigard et al., 2020; Sosa-Zuniga et al., 2022; Gómez et al., 2024). 8.3 Consumer-driven breeding for diversified quality traits With the upgrading of consumption, the market's demand for grapes is becoming increasingly diverse. It not only requires high yield and resistance, but also pursues flavor, texture and nutrition. Modern breeding is gradually shifting towards consumer-oriented traits. The use of high-throughput phenomics, molecular markers and bioinformatics tools can better analyze and aggregate these complex quality traits (Yamada and Sato, 2016; Gascuel et al., 2017; García-Abadillo et al., 2024). Meanwhile, the utilization of traditional varieties and wild germplasm provides rich resources for the diversity of flavors and nutrients. In the future, the "reverse breeding" model involving consumers and precise molecular design breeding will drive the development of grape quality towards diversification and personalization (Yamada and Sato, 2016; Gascuel et al., 2017; Bigard et al., 2018). Acknowledgments The authors appreciate the comments from Dr. Wen on the manuscript of this study. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Ban Y., Mitani N., Sato A., Kono A., and Hayashi T., 2016, Genetic dissection of quantitative trait loci for berry traits in interspecific hybrid grape (Vitis labruscana×Vitis vinifera), Euphytica, 211: 295-310. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-016-1737-8 Biasi R., Brunori E., Ferrara C., and Salvati L., 2019, Assessing impacts of climate change on phenology and quality traits of Vitis vinifera L.: the contribution of local knowledge, Plants, 8(5): 121. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8050121 Bigard A., Berhe D., Maoddi E., Sire Y., Boursiquot J., Ojeda H., Péros J., Doligez A., Romieu C., and Torregrosa L., 2018, Vitis vinifera L. fruit diversity to breed varieties anticipating climate changes, Frontiers in Plant Science, 9: 455. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00455 Bigard A., Romieu C., Sire Y., and Torregrosa L., 2020, Vitis vinifera L. diversity for cations and acidity is suitable for breeding fruits coping with climate warming, Frontiers in Plant Science, 11: 1175. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.01175 Butiuc-Keul A., and Coste A., 2023, Biotechnologies and strategies for grapevine improvement, Horticulturae, 9(1): 62. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9010062 Deng Y., Zhao M., Jia L., Liang J., Wang F., Yao M., Mitina I., Zhang J., Feng H., and Arpentin G., 2025, Exogenous ATP functions in alleviating the decrease in quality of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) fruits after harvest, Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 40(3): 417-424. https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.3850
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