Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding 2025, Vol.15, No.2, 80-88 http://genbreedpublisher.com/index.php/tgmb 86 which is beneficial for understanding its evolutionary characteristics and seeking new genetic markers (Yan et al., 2019). Trainin et al. (2021) found that multi-omics integration could help to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the genetic mechanism of Punica granatum and how to improve their traits. 8.3 Future research priorities It is necessary to develop more molecular markers with rich types and large amounts of information, further improve the genetic map and enhance the efficiency of MAS (Patil et al., 2020; 2021) Actively apply advanced gene editing technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9 to study the functions of key genes related to important traits (Trainin et al., 2021). The combined study of morphological, biochemical and molecular data can help to understand the diversity of Punica granatum more comprehensively and evaluate its application value in breeding (Parashuram et al., 2022). Saeed et al. (2018) and Rizzo et al. (2023) demonstrated that the potential of Punica granatum as functional foods can be further explored, which will open up new directions for their development in medicinal and nutritional aspects. Acknowledgments The author appreciates the modification suggestions from two anonymous peer reviewers on the manuscript of this study. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The author affirms that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Aziz S., Firdous S., Rahman H., Awan S., Michael V., and Meru G., 2020, Genetic diversity among wild pomegranate (Punica granatum) in Azad Jammu and Kashmir region of Pakistan, Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 46: 50-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2020.06.002 Chang L., Wu S., and Tian L., 2019, Effective genome editing and identification of a regiospecific gallic acid 4-O-glycosyltransferase in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), Horticulture Research, 6: 123. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41438-019-0206-7 Chen L., Ge D., Ren Y., Wang Y., Yan M., Zhao X., and Yuan Z., 2023, Genome-wide identification, characterization, and expression analysis of the U-Box gene family in Punica granatum L., Agronomy, 13(2): 332. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020332 Chen L., Ren Y., Zhao J., Wang Y., Liu X., Zhao X., and Yuan Z., 2022, Phylogenetic analysis of wild pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) based on its complete chloroplast genome from Tibet, China, Agronomy, 13(1): 126. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13010126 Fu F., Peng Y., Wang G., El-Kassaby Y., and Cao F., 2021, Integrative analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome reveals seed germination mechanism in Punica granatum L., Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20: 132-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2095-3119(20)63399-8 Guerrero-Solano J., Jaramillo-Morales O., Jiménez-Cabrera T., Urrutia-Hernández T., Chehue-Romero A., Olvera-Hernández E., and Bautista M., 2020, Punica protopunica Balf., the forgotten sister of the common pomegranate (Punica granatum L.): features and medicinal properties- a review, Plants, 9(9): 1214. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9091214 Guo Y., Zhang G., Guo B., Qu C., Zhang M., Kong F., Zhao Y., and Li S., 2020, QTL mapping for quality traits using a high-density genetic map of wheat, PLoS One, 15(3): e0230601. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230601 Holland D., and Bar-Ya’akov I., 2018, Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) breeding, In: Al-Khayri J., Jain S., and Johnson D. (eds.), Advances in plant breeding strategies: fruits, Springer, Cham, Switzerland, pp.601-647. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91944-7_15 Jeong H., Park M., and Kim S., 2018, Identification of chromosomal translocation causing inactivation of the gene encoding anthocyanidin synthase in white pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) and development of a molecular marker for genotypic selection of fruit colors, Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology, 59: 857-864. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-018-0082-3 Khadivi A., Ayenehkar D., Kazemi M., and Khaleghi A., 2018, Phenotypic and pomological characterization of a pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) germplasm collection and identification of the promising selections, Scientia Horticulturae, 238: 234-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2018.04.062 Khadivi A., Mirheidari F., Moradi Y., and Paryan S., 2020, Morphological variability of wild pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) accessions from natural habitats in the Northern parts of Iran, Scientia Horticulturae, 264: 109165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.109165
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