Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding 2025, Vol.15, No.1, 33-43 http://genbreedpublisher.com/index.php/tgmb 39 Figure 2 Distribution of climatic tea zoning in mainland China and changes of tea planting area and yield (Adopted from Zhao et al., 2022) Image caption: (a) Time-series changes of five-year mean tea planting area and total production in China from 1987 to 2017; and changes of ten-year mean tea planting area and yield proportion in Northern Yangtze River Region (b), Southern Yangtze River Region (c), Southwest China Region (d), and Southern China Region (e) (Adopted from Zhao et al., 2022) 7.2 Design, planting and management practice of high-density tea gardens The design of high-density tea gardens requires careful planning. The key lies in determining the appropriate spacing and arrangement between tea trees. This can prevent land waste, make full use of resources such as sunlight and water, and enable the tea trees to be planted more densely and the tea leaves to be harvested in greater quantities. When planting, tea tree varieties suitable for the local climate and soil should be selected to ensure that even if they are planted densely, the tea trees can grow healthily (Pramanik and Phukan, 2019; Ruan et al., 2023). The key point of tea garden management is to maintain fertile soil and ensure that tea trees do not lack nutrients, which is crucial for the high-density planting model (Pramanik and Phukan, 2019; Ruan et al., 2023). It is also necessary to frequently inspect the tea garden in daily life. If any problems with the growth of the tea trees or the condition of the soil are found, they should be solved in a timely manner. The management methods include environmentally friendly fertilization methods such as combining farmyard manure with chemical fertilizers, as well as pest control and disease prevention measures that do not harm the environment. They can not only make tea trees grow vigorously and have a high tea yield, but also not damage the environment (Mao et al., 2022; Wang et al., 2023). With the help of new technologies and data analysis, management can also be done better to ensure the continuous high yield of tea gardens and achieve long-term development (Mao et al., 2022; Wang et al., 2023). 7.3 Case analysis of tea output, quality and economic benefits After a tea garden adopted the high-density tea planting method, the tea leaves were abundant and of good quality. The denser the tea trees are planted, the more tea leaves will be picked, which can meet the demands of more customers. Moreover, the tea tastes more fragrant and contains more beneficial components for the human body, such as polyphenols and flavonoids (Pramanik and Phukan, 2019; Carloni et al., 2023). Such fine tea is particularly popular in the market and its reputation is growing (Pramanik and Phukan, 2019; Carloni et al., 2023).
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