Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding 2024, Vol.14, No.6, 304-312 http://genbreedpublisher.com/index.php/tgmb 311 Moreover, the successful implementation of precision viticulture requires a comprehensive approach that considers technological integration, cost-effectiveness, and regional adaptability. The economic viability of these technologies is enhanced when they are tailored to specific vineyard conditions, as demonstrated by the use of variable rate applications and precision irrigation systems that optimize water use and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This highlights the importance of aligning technological advancements with economic indices to support sustainable practices in viticulture. Continued advancements in technology and increased collaboration among stakeholders are expected to drive the global adoption of precision agriculture practices. The development of more sophisticated sensors, data processing algorithms, and decision support systems will further enhance the ability of viticulturists to manage vineyards sustainably and efficiently. As these technologies evolve, they will play an increasingly critical role in addressing the challenges of climate change and resource scarcity, ultimately contributing to the long-term sustainability of the viticulture industry. Acknowledgments We extend our gratitude to our research partners for their support and assistance during the process of compiling the literature. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Reference Ammoniaci M., Kartsiotis S., Perria R., and Storchi P., 2021, State of the art of monitoring technologies and data processing for precision viticulture, Agriculture, 11(3): 201. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11030201 Arnó J., Casasnovas J., Dasi M., and Rosell J., 2009, Review, precision viticulture, research topics, challenges and opportunities in site-specific vineyard management, Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 7: 779-790. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2009074-1092 Bača P., Mašán V., Vanýsek P., Burg P., Binar T., Burgová J., and Abrham Z., 2024, Assessing the carbon footprint of viticultural production in central European conditions, Sustainability, 16(15): 6561. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16156561 Balafoutis A., Koundouras S., Anastasiou E., Fountas S., and Arvanitis K., 2017, Life cycle assessment of two vineyards after the application of precision viticulture techniques: a case study, Sustainability, 9(11): 1997. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9111997 Bellvert J., Mata M., Vallverdú X., Paris C., and Marsal J., 2020, Optimizing precision irrigation of a vineyard to improve water use efficiency and profitability by using a decision-oriented vine water consumption model, Precision Agriculture, 22: 319-341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-020-09718-2 Bongiovanni R., and Lowenberg‐DeBoer J., 2004, Precision agriculture and sustainability, Precision Agriculture, 5: 359-387. Fang J., 2024, Breeding 5.0: AI-driven revolution in designed plant breeding, Molecular Plant Breeding, 15(1): 27-33. https://doi.org/10.5376/mpb.2024.15.0004 Ferro M., and Catania P., 2023, Technologies and innovative methods for precision viticulture: a comprehensive review, Horticulturae, 9(3): 399. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9030399 Finco A., Bentivoglio D., Chiaraluce G., Albéri M., Chiarelli E., Maino A., Mantovani F., Montuschi M., Raptis K., Semenza F., Strati V., Vurro F., Marchetti E., Bettelli M., Janni M., Anceschi E., Sportolaro C., and Bucci G., 2022, Combining precision viticulture technologies and economic indices to sustainable water use management, Water, 14(9): 1493. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14091493 García J., 2012, Consideraciones sobre el potencial de la Viticultura de Precisión en Galicia, Spanish Journal of Rural Development, 3: 19-28. Hall A., Lamb D., Holzapfel B., and Louis J., 2002, Optical remote sensing applications in viticulture - a review, Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research, 8: 36-47. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0238.2002.tb00209.x Karimi B., Cahurel J., Gontier L., Charlier L., Chovelon M., Mahe H., and Ranjard L., 2020, A meta-analysis of the ecotoxicological impact of viticultural practices on soil biodiversity, Environmental Chemistry Letters, 18: 1947-1966. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-020-01050-5
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