Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding 2024, Vol.14, No.4, 206-217 http://genbreedpublisher.com/index.php/tgmb 206 Feature Review Open Access Selection of Grapevine Varieties for Wine Production: Advances in Genomic Approaches Jianquan Li Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Sanya, 572025, Hainan, China Corresponding email: jianquan.li@hitar.org Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding, 2024, Vol.14, No.4 doi: 10.5376/tgmb.2024.14.0020 Received: 21 Jul., 2024 Accepted: 23 Aug., 2024 Published: 31 Aug., 2024 Copyright © 2024 Li, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Li J.Q., 2024, Selection of grapevine varieties for wine production: advances in genomic approaches, Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding, 14(4): 206-217 (doi: 10.5376/tgmb.2024.14.0020) Abstract Grapevines (Vitis vinifera) are among the most economically significant perennial fruit crops globally, primarily used in wine production. Traditional breeding methods, such as phenotypic selection and hybridization, have achieved success in developing regionally adapted grapevine varieties but often require decades and fail to address rapidly changing environmental challenges. This study focuses on the latest advancements in genomic technologies for selecting grapevine varieties suitable for wine production, including genomic selection, marker-assisted selection, and CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing techniques. The results demonstrate that these approaches enable precise identification of key trait-associated genes and enhance selection efficiency, significantly accelerating the development of disease-resistant, stress-tolerant, and high-quality grapevine varieties. Furthermore, the integration of multi-omics data (e.g., transcriptomics and metabolomics) has improved the understanding of grapevine genomic functions, offering novel solutions to challenges posed by climate change and market demands. This study summarizes the current applications and challenges of genomic technologies and proposes strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration to advance precision agriculture and sustainable viticulture. Keywords Grapevine genomics; Wine grape varieties; Marker-assisted selection; Genomic selection; Gene editing; Precision agriculture 1 Introduction Grapevines (Vitis vinifera) are among the most economically significant perennial fruit crops globally, primarily due to their role in wine production. The cultivation of grapevines has evolved significantly over the years, driven by changing environmental conditions and market demands, which necessitate the development of new and improved varieties to ensure sustainability (Zhang et al., 2021; Butiuc-Keul and Coste, 2023). The wine industry, in particular, benefits from grapevine biotechnology, which aims to establish stress-tolerant and disease-resistant varieties that enhance productivity, efficiency, and environmental sustainability (Vivier and Pretorius, 2002). However, selecting optimal grapevine varieties for wine production presents several challenges. Climate change, pests, and diseases pose significant threats to grapevine yield and fruit quality, leading to financial losses (Bharati et al., 2023). Traditional Vitis vinifera varieties are often susceptible to these biotic and abiotic stresses, necessitating the development of genotypes that can adapt to changing climates and resist pathogens (Gómez et al., 2024). Moreover, the genetic diversity within grapevine varieties, influenced by somatic mutations and clonal propagation, adds complexity to the selection process (Calderón et al., 2021; Villano et al., 2023). This study aims to identify genotypes with desirable traits by integrating genomic selection with multi-omics data, thereby accelerating the development of novel and improved grapevine varieties. The primary objective is to demonstrate how modern genomic technologies can address the challenges in grapevine breeding, ultimately enhancing the sustainability and quality of wine production. 2 Traditional Methods of Grapevine Selection 2.1 Historical practices in grapevine breeding and selection Historically, grapevine breeding and selection have relied heavily on traditional methods such as cross-breeding and selection based on phenotypic traits. These methods have been used for centuries to develop grapevine
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjQ4ODYzMg==