Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding 2024, Vol.14, No.3, 119-131 http://genbreedpublisher.com/index.php/tgmb 119 Review Article Open Access Pushing the Limits: Advances and Innovative Applications of Tree Stress Resistance Gene Identification Technology Kaiwen Liang Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Sanya, 572025, Hainan, China Corresponding email: kaiwen.liang@hitar.org Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding, 2024, Vol.14, No.3 doi: 10.5376/tgmb.2024.14.0012 Received: 20 Apr., 2024 Accepted: 23 May, 2024 Published: 31 May, 2024 Copyright © 2024 Liang, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Liang K.W., 2024, Pushing the limits: advances and innovative applications of tree stress resistance gene identification technology, Tree Genetics and Molecular Breeding, 14(3): 119-131 (doi: 10.5376/tgmb.2024.14.0012) Abstract As the challenges posed by climate change and environmental stress intensify, there is an urgent need for advanced strategies to enhance the resilience of trees. This study comprehensively explores the latest developments in gene identification and their transformative applications in forestry science. The research traces the evolution of gene identification technologies from traditional methods to cutting-edge techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 and multi-omics integration, which have revolutionized our understanding of tree stress resistance. Case studies highlight the successful identification and application of stress-resistance genes, while critically assessing the environmental and ecological impacts of transgenic trees. Additionally, the study discusses the importance of collaboration and interdisciplinary research efforts in advancing tree genomics and outlines strategic directions for future research. This study emphasizes the potential of genetic technologies to contribute to sustainable forestry and ecosystem conservation in the face of global environmental challenges. Keywords Tree stress resistance; Gene identification; CRISPR-Cas9; Genomic technologies; Sustainable forestry 1 Introduction The increasing frequency and severity of environmental stressors due to climate change pose significant challenges to forest ecosystems worldwide. Trees, as the backbone of these ecosystems, are essential not only for maintaining biodiversity but also for mitigating climate change through carbon sequestration (Juarez et al., 2023). However, their survival and growth are increasingly threatened by various stress factors such as drought, pests, diseases, and temperature extremes. Enhancing tree stress resistance has therefore become a critical focus in forestry and ecological conservation efforts (Naidoo et al., 2019). As climate change accelerates, the ability of trees to withstand and adapt to environmental stressors is of paramount importance. Stress-resistant trees contribute to the stability and resilience of forest ecosystems, which in turn supports the overall health of the planet. Enhancing tree stress resistance is not only crucial for preserving existing forests but also for ensuring the success of reforestation and afforestation projects aimed at combating climate change (Guevara-Escudero et al., 2021). Recent advancements in gene identification technologies have opened new avenues for understanding and enhancing tree stress resistance. Techniques such as next-generation sequencing (NGS), genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing have revolutionized the identification and manipulation of stress resistance genes in trees. These technologies allow for the precise mapping of genetic traits linked to stress resistance, enabling the development of more resilient tree species through targeted breeding and genetic engineering (Younessi-Hamzekhanlu and Gailing, 2022). This study explores the cutting-edge applications of advanced gene identification technologies in forestry. By examining the latest research and developments, it aims to highlight how these technologies are pushing the boundaries of tree stress resistance. The study will also discuss the potential impacts of these innovations on sustainable forest management and climate change mitigation, offering insights into the future directions of this rapidly evolving field.
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