Plant Gene and Trait 2025, Vol.16, No.1, 39-46 http://genbreedpublisher.com/index.php/pgt 39 Feature Study Open Access Study on the Regulatory Mechanisms of Hormone Types and Concentrations on the Growth and Metabolism of Anoectochilus roxburghii Tissue Culture Seedlings Minghui Zhao, Xiazhen Huang Tropical Medicinal Plant Research Center, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Sanya, 572025, Hainan, China Corresponding email: xiazhen.huang@hitar.org Plant Gene and Trait, 2025, Vol.16, No.1 doi: 10.5376/pgt.2025.16.0005 Received: 17 Jan., 2025 Accepted: 20 Feb., 2025 Published: 28 Feb., 2025 Copyright © 2025 Zhao and Huang, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Zhao M.H., and Huang X.Z., 2025, Study on the regulatory mechanisms of hormone types and concentrations on the growth and metabolism of Anoectochilus roxburghii tissue culture seedlings, Plant Gene and Trait, 16(1): 39-46 (doi: 10.5376/pgt.2025.16.0005) Abstract This study summarized the effects of different types and concentrations of plant hormones on the development and metabolism of tissue culture seedlings of Anoectochilus roxburghii, introduced how these hormones regulate plant growth through molecular mechanisms, with a focus on the roles of hormones in root development, accumulation of secondary metabolites, and regulation of stress resistance. By analyzing practical application examples, this study investigated how hormones and environmental factors jointly affect plants, to see if these mechanisms can be applied in larger-scale cultivation, and proposed future research directions. This research aims to provide a scientific basis for the efficient cultivation and medicinal value enhancement of Anoectochilus roxburghii, and also lays a foundation for its promotion and sustainable development in the medicinal plant industry. Keywords Anoectochilus roxburghii; Plant hormones; Secondary metabolism; Tissue culture; Hormonal regulatory mechanisms 1 Introduction Anoectochilus roxburghii, also known as “Medicine King”, is a perennial herb belonging to the Orchidaceae family. It is mainly distributed in subtropical and tropical regions, especially in Southeast Asia and southern China. Anoectochilus roxburghii contains many active components such as polysaccharides, flavonoids, glycosides and polyphenols, which have various pharmacological effects such as antioxidation, anti-inflammation and immune regulation. Anoectochilus roxburghii is often used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat diabetes, liver diseases and problems of the immune system (Chen et al., 2020a). Modern pharmacology and the field of health supplements are paying more and more attention to it, which has also made people more interested in the cultivation and research of Anoectochilus roxburghii. The medicinal demand for Anoectochilus roxburghii is increasing, but its wild population has been greatly reduced due to long-term excessive digging and habitat destruction. Wang et al. (2021) found that tissue culture technology provides an effective method to solve this problem. This technology can cultivate a large number of genetically identical seedlings under laboratory conditions, reducing the reliance on Anoectochilus roxburghii. In their 2022 study, Zhang et al. proposed that advancements in somatic embryogenesis, microreproduction, and the induction of protocorm-like body (PLB) have also significantly enhanced the tissue culture efficiency of Anoectochilus roxburghii. Some studies have also optimized conditions such as the medium formula, light intensity and temperature, which have increased the growth rate of the seedlings and the accumulation of active ingredients. However, Li et al. (2019) believe that there are still many difficulties in improving the survival rate of transplanted seedlings and the stability of the quality of medicinal products during in vitro acclimation. This study explored the regulatory role of plant hormones in the tissue culture process of Anoectochilus roxburghii, analyzed the effects of different types and concentrations of hormones on the growth, metabolic activities and accumulation of secondary metabolites of seedlings, and hoped to further optimize tissue culture techniques through these studies to solve the existing problems such as low root growth rate and poor survival rate after transplantation. This study aims to provide new references for the application of plant hormones in tissue culture and offer lessons for the tissue culture and protection of other rare medicinal plants.
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