Plant Gene and Traits 2024, Vol.15, No.4, 162-173 http://genbreedpublisher.com/index.php/pgt 166 Figure 4 Field experiment of the crop-weedy mixture population, in which the weedy rice materilas (tall) were planted together with a glufosinate-tolerant transgenic rice (short) as a mimic mixture (Adapted from Chen et al., 2004) 4.3 Field studies and experimental evidence Field studies provide critical experimental evidence for the behavior and impact of glufosinate-tolerant weedy rice in real-world agricultural settings (Figure 5) (Chen et al., 2004). These studies often involve planting transgenic rice alongside weedy rice and monitoring gene flow, hybridization rates, and the persistence of resistance traits across generations. For instance, field trials in Louisiana and Arkansas evaluated the agronomic performance of F2 populations derived from transgenic rice and red rice, revealing significant differences in traits like plant height and maturity (Oard et al., 2000). Another study in China assessed gene flow from glufosinate-resistant rice to various rice cultivars and weedy rice, finding that gene flow frequencies varied significantly among different recipients and years (Lu et al., 2014). These field studies underscore the importance of comprehensive management strategies to mitigate the spread of herbicide resistance in weedy rice populations. Figure 5 PCR detection of the bar gene in the surviving weedy rice seedlings that were resistant to the herbicide Basta (Adapted from Chen et al., 2004). Lane 1, the transgenic rice line F5 with the bar gene; lane 2, weedy rice (bulk DNA sample of YW2257, YW2247 and YW1396); lanes 3-7, YW2257-HR (herbicide resistant) seedling-1, YW2257-HR seedling-2, YW2247-HR seedling-1, YW2247-HR seedling-2 and YW1396-HR seedling. M = DNA ladders 5 Breeding Potential of Glufosinate-Tolerant Weedy Rice 5.1 Genetic resources and germplasm The genetic resources and germplasm of weedy rice present a significant potential for breeding glufosinate-tolerant varieties. Weedy rice is known for its competitive traits such as rapid growth, high tillering, and enhanced nutrient uptake, which can be advantageous for crop improvement. Studies have shown that weedy rice accessions exhibit varying levels of tolerance to herbicides, including glufosinate, making them valuable genetic resources for developing herbicide-resistant rice varieties (Shrestha et al., 2019). Additionally, the introgression of weedy rice genes into transgenic rice has been observed, indicating the potential for gene flow and the creation of hybrid populations with desirable traits (Lu et al., 2014; Zhang et al., 2018).
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjQ4ODYzMg==