Plant Gene and Traits 2024, Vol.15, No.4, 162-173 http://genbreedpublisher.com/index.php/pgt 162 Research Insight Open Access Breeding Potential and Challenges of Glufosinate-Tolerant Rice Variety for Weedy Rice Management Haibo Xiong4, Yushan Yin3, QianZhu1,2,3, JuanLi 1,2,3, Huirong Dong2,3, Dongsun Lee1,2,3, Lijuan Chen1,2,3 1 State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China 2 The Key Laboratory for Crop Production and Smart Agriculture of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China 3 Rice Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China 4 Chuxiong Normal University, Chuxiong, 675099, Yunnan, China Corresponding email: chenlijuan@hotmail.com Plant Gene and Trait, 2024, Vol.15, No.4 doi: 10.5376/pgt.2024.15.0017 Received: 10 Jun., 2024 Accepted: 13 Jul., 2024 Published: 21 Jul., 2024 Copyright © 2024 Xiong et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Xiong H.B., Yin Y.S., Zhu Q., Li J., Dong H.R., Lee D.S., and Chen L.J., 2024, Breeding potential and challenges of glufosinate-tolerant rice variety for weedy rice management, Plant Gene and Trait, 15(4): 162-173 (doi: 10.5376/pgt.2024.15.0017) Abstract The research revealed that glufosinate resistance can be transferred from transgenic rice to weedy rice, with significant implications for agronomic performance and weed management. Hybrid populations of transgenic glufosinate-resistant rice and weedy rice exhibited similar plant vigor, density, and seed dormancy compared to non-transgenic populations. The gene flow from transgenic rice to weedy rice occurred at low frequencies but was sufficient to confer herbicide resistance. Additionally, the agronomic performance of hybrids was comparable to that of weedy rice parents, indicating that gene flow could occur under natural conditions. Although glufosinate-tolerant rice has the potential for breeding and crop improvement, it also presents significant challenges for weedy rice management. Effective management strategies are essential to mitigate the risk of herbicide-resistant weedy rice populations and ensure the sustainable use of transgenic herbicide technologies. This review aimed to evaluate the breeding potential and challenges associated with glufosinate-tolerant rice, understand the genetic and agronomic consequences of transferring glufosinate resistance from transgenic rice to weedy rice and assessing the implications for weed management and crop improvement. Keywords Glufosinate-tolerant; Weedy rice; Gene flow; Herbicide resistance; Agronomic performance 1 Introduction Weedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) refers to the unwanted plants of the genus Oryza that have some undesirable agronomic traits and pose a major threat to sustainable rice production world wide (Chen and Suh, 2015; Nadir et al., 2017). Weedy rice is also referred to as “red rice” because of its red pericarp. It exhibits rapid growth, high tillering, enhanced fertilizer uptake, asynchronous maturation, ease of shattering, and high seedbank longevity, making it more competitive than cultivated rice (Figure 1) (Nadir et al., 2017; Shrestha et al., 2019). The genetic diversity and plasticity of weedy rice contribute to its success in various ecosystems, posing a major threat to rice yields and necessitating effective management strategies (Shrestha et al., 2022). Additionally, weedy rice can serve as a valuable genetic resource for crop improvement, particularly in developing herbicide-tolerant rice varieties. Figure 1 Characteristics of weedy rice. (A) easy seed shattering. (B) pericarp color. (C) weedy rice panicles showing variations in awns, hull color, and panicle size (Adopted from Nadir et al., 2017)
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