Plant Gene and Traits 2024, Vol.15, No.3, 118-128 http://genbreedpublisher.com/index.php/pgt 118 Review Article Open Access Genetic Treasure: Conservation, Analysis, and Innovative Utilization of Tree Genetic Resources Qiangsheng Qian , Jiawei Li, Chengxi Wang Modern Agricultural Research Center, Cuixi Academy of Biotechnology, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China Corresponding email: qiangsheng.qian@cuixi.org Plant Gene and Trait, 2024, Vol.15, No.3 doi: 10.5376/pgt.2024.15.0013 Received: 22 Mar., 2024 Accepted: 01 May., 2024 Published: 14 May., 2024 Copyright © 2024 Qian et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Qian Q.S., Li J.W., and Wang C.X., 2024, Genetic treasure: conservation, analysis, and innovative utilization of tree genetic resources, Plant Gene and Trait, 15(3): 118-128 (doi: 10.5376/pgt.2024.15.0013) Abstract The conservation, analysis, and innovative utilization of tree genetic resources are critical for maintaining biodiversity, ensuring forest sustainability, and enhancing ecosystem services. This study explores various strategies and methodologies for preserving genetic diversity in tree species, emphasizing both ex situ and in situ conservation approaches. Key areas of focus include the expansion of living collections, advancements in seed storage and cryopreservation techniques, and the integration of genetic information into conservation planning. The study also highlights the importance of dynamic conservation practices that allow for evolutionary processes and the turnover of generations within forest ecosystems. Additionally, the utilization and transfer of genetic resources for reforestation, breeding, and restoration efforts are examined, with a particular emphasis on the challenges and opportunities presented by climate change, disease, and pest pressures. By leveraging molecular and quantitative genetic data, this research hopes to develop robust conservation strategies that ensure the long-term sustainability and resilience of forest genetic resources. Keywords Genetic diversity; Conservation strategies; Tree species; Ex situandin situconservation; Climate adaptation 1 Introduction Tree genetic resources are invaluable assets that contribute significantly to biodiversity and ecosystem stability. These resources encompass the genetic diversity found within and among tree species, which is crucial for their adaptation, survival, and evolution in changing environments. The conservation, analysis, and innovative utilization of tree genetic resources are essential for maintaining healthy ecosystems, supporting sustainable forestry practices, and ensuring the availability of these resources for future generations. Tree genetic resources play a pivotal role in maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem stability. Genetic diversity within tree populations enhances their ability to adapt to environmental changes, resist pests and diseases, and maintain ecosystem functions (Zobel, 1976; Riggs, 1990; Loo et al., 2014). The genetic variation within and among tree species contributes to the resilience of forest ecosystems, enabling them to recover from disturbances and continue providing essential ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration, water regulation, and habitat for wildlife (Ledig, 1986; Aravanopoulos, 2016). Moreover, the genetic diversity of trees is a critical component of overall biodiversity, supporting the intricate web of life that depends on forest ecosystems (Rao and Hodgkin, 2004; Rodríguez-Quilón et al., 2016). The conservation of tree genetic resources has gained increasing attention in recent years, with a focus on both in situ and ex situ strategies. In situ conservation involves preserving genetic diversity within natural habitats, such as protected areas and managed forests, to maintain the evolutionary processes and ecological interactions that sustain genetic diversity (Ledig, 1986; Riggs, 1990). Ex situ conservation, on the other hand, involves the preservation of genetic material outside natural habitats, such as in seed banks, clone banks, and botanical gardens, to safeguard genetic resources against threats like habitat loss and climate change (Šijačić-Nikolić and Milovanović, 2007; Pritchard et al., 2014). Recent advancements in biotechnology and genomic tools have also enhanced the ability to monitor and conserve genetic diversity, providing new opportunities for the effective management of tree genetic resources (Loo et al., 2014; Aravanopoulos, 2016).
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