Plant Gene and Trait 2024, Vol.15, No.1, 33-43 http://genbreedpublisher.com/index.php/pgt 38 Figure 3 Allelic substitution effects of the markers associated with increased dry matter content (DMC) in the (A) breeding, and (B) pre-breeding populations (Adopted from Ige et al., 2022) Figure 4 Illustration of a typical scheme of reciprocal recurrent selection of two heterotic populations. Hybrids are made through crosses of selected gentoypes from each population with a tester from the reciprocal population. Progenitors of the best hybrids are combined (within each population) to start a new cycle of selection (Adopted from Ceballos et al., 2015) 5 Challenges and Opportunities for Implementing Marker-assisted Selection in Cassava 5.1 Technical challenges of genetic marker development Implementing marker-assisted selection (MAS) offers significant advantages in cassava breeding, but it also faces several challenges and opportunities. The high genetic diversity of cassava, while providing a wide range of genetic resources for breeding, complicates the development and application of effective markers, particularly the technical challenges of genetic marker development (Amelework and Bairu, 2022). A major challenge in implementing MAS in cassava is the complexity of the genetic background. The cassava genome contains a large number of repeats and a high degree of polymorphism, which makes it difficult to accurately identify genetic markers closely related to key agronomic traits. Many economic traits in cassava, such as yield, starch content, and stress resistance, are quantitative traits controlled by multiple genes (Amelework and Bairu, 2022). The genetic mechanism of MAS is complex and its interaction with the environment is significant, which further increases the difficulty of MAS.
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