Molecular Plant Breeding 2025, Vol.16, No.3, 191-201 http://genbreedpublisher.com/index.php/mpb 199 In terms of supervision, different countries have different management policies for gene-edited crops. At present, the United States, Japan, etc. distinguish gene-edited products that do not contain exogenous DNA from genetically modified ones and implement relatively loose reviews. Countries such as China are still formulating corresponding regulations, but they have also released positive signals. If gene-edited durian varieties can emphasize their convenience (such as being able to store longer without spoiling after purchase) and quality improvement (such as delayed softening but still sweet), and pass safety certification by authoritative departments, they will be more easily accepted. 7.4 Future development prospects Gene editing can be combined with traditional hybrid breeding and mutagenesis breeding to produce synergistic effects. For example, high-yield and disease-resistant varieties can be obtained through conventional means, and then gene editing can be used to give them post-harvest storage resistance. Such new combination varieties will have all-round advantages. With the deepening of understanding of the durian genome and ripening mechanism, a clear list of breeding indicator genes can be formulated and implemented through a package of multi-gene editing. Recently, a study has edited multiple sites in wild tomatoes at one time to achieve simultaneous improvement of multiple traits such as fruit size, quantity, and nutrition (Zsögön et al., 2018). A similar model is expected to be staged in durian. New editing tools such as Cas12a, Cas13, and improvements in gene-targeted vectors can improve editing efficiency and accuracy. The application of plant somatic mutation screening and haploid breeding technology may also accelerate the acquisition of homozygous edited lines. With the development of synthetic biology, in the future it may even be possible to achieve the purpose of “one-time editing” by temporarily expressing editing tools in the fruit without changing the plant’s reproductive system, thereby avoiding the transmission of genetic modifications - this may be a revolutionary idea for tree species that have long generations like durian. Acknowledgments Thanks to Mai Rudi and Liang Qixue for their support and assistance in literature search and library analysis. Funding This study was supported by Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources Funding (No. H2025-03). Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Akanmu A.O., Asemoloye M.D., Marchisio M.A., and Babalola O.O., 2024, Adoption of CRISPR-Cas for crop production: present status and future prospects, PeerJ, 12: e17402. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17402 Adhikary T., and Das P., 2022, Conventional and biotechnological approaches for enhancing shelf-life of horticultural crops, Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika, 37(2): 114-120. https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap398 Cabanos C., Sajise A., Garcia R., Siar S., and Mendoza E., 2014, Compositional analysis of transgenic papaya with delayed ripening trait, Philippine Agricultural Scientist, 96(4): 331-339. Chairat R., Lertsiri S., and Tananuwong K., 2022, Volatile compound production and quality characteristics of durian fruit Cv. Monthong as affected by 1-methylcyclopropene and modified atmosphere storage, International Journal of Fruit Science, 22: 481-494. https://doi.org/10.1080/15538362.2022.2060418 Gao J., Tang X., Yu X., Wu Z., Liu Y., and Miao M., 2024, Overexpression of Solanum lycopersicumDDB1 interacting protein 4 (SlDDI4) extends tomato shelf life by methylation-mediated suppression of softening-related genes expression, Postharvest Biology and Technology, 216: 113040. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113040 Hewitt S., and Dhingra A., 2020, Beyond ethylene: new insights regarding the role of alternative oxidase in the respiratory climacteric, Front. Plant Sci., 11: 543958. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.543958 Hu C., Sheng O., Deng G., He W., Dong T., Yang Q., Dou T., Li C., Gao H., and Liu S., 2021, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing of MaACO1 (aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 1) promotes the shelf life of banana fruit, Plant Biotechnology Journal, 19(4): 654-656.
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