MPB_2025v16n1

8 Challenges and Future Directions	24
8.1 Technological advances in genomics and breedin	24
8.2 Addressing complex traits and polygenic inheri	24
8.3 Policy and ethical considerations in genetic i	24
1 Introduction	69
2 Physiological Mechanisms of Drought Tolerance in	69
2.1 Osmotic adjustment	69
Figure 1 A model of the nitrogen regulation in soy	70
Image caption: Here, drought stress triggers a nit	70
2.2 Water uptake and retention	70
2.3 Antioxidant defense system	71
3 Molecular Mechanisms of Drought Tolerance in Soy	71
3.1 Gene expression regulation	71
3.2 Signal transduction pathways	71
3.3 Genomic and proteomic approaches	72
4 Case Study: Gene Editing for Enhancing Drought T	73
4.1 Overview of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in plant br	73
4.2 Application of CRISPR/Cas9 in modifying drough	73
4.3 Potential and challenges of CRISPR/Cas9 for de	73
5 Integrative Approaches in Studying Drought Toler	73
5.1 Systems biology approaches and integrative ana	73
5.2 Advanced tools and technologies for functional	74
6 Practical Applications and Future Directions	74
6.1 Breeding strategies for drought-tolerant soybe	74
6.2 Challenges and opportunities in developing dro	74
7 Concluding Remarks	75
2 Effects of Heat Stress on Wheat Physiology and Y	89
4 Application of Traditional Breeding Methods in W	90
4.1 Phenotypic selection	90
5 Application of Molecular Breeding Techniques in	91
5.1 Marker-assisted selection (MAS)	91
6 Application of Multi-Omics Integration in Wheat	93
6.1 Transcriptomics	93
7 Success Stories in Wheat Heat Tolerance Breeding	93
7.1 Wheat varieties with high heat adaptability	93

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