Molecular Plant Breeding 2025, Vol.16, No.1, 35-43 http://genbreedpublisher.com/index.php/mpb 41 optimize breeding strategies, making them more robust and efficient. The use of marker-assisted backcrossing, forward breeding, and doubled haploid technology in conjunction with MAS has already shown success in improving various traits in crops like wheat, and similar strategies can be adapted for soybean breeding. 7.3 Potential of MAS in climate-resilient soybean varieties The potential of MAS in developing climate-resilient soybean varieties is immense. As climate change poses significant challenges to crop production, the ability to breed varieties that can withstand abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, and extreme temperatures is critical. MAS can be effectively used to monitor and select for genes associated with stress resistance, thereby accelerating the development of climate-resilient cultivars. The context-specific MAS (CSM) approach, which models target genotypes within specific environmental contexts, has shown promising results in improving grain yield in elite soybean populations and can be adapted to enhance climate resilience. Acknowledgments We are grateful to Dr. Xuanjun Fang, Director and Professor of the Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, and Director of the Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding for critically reading the manuscript and providing valuable feedback that improved the clarity of the text. We express our heartfelt gratitude to the two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments on the manuscript. Funding This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32171937) and Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Funds (ZDYF2023GXJS153, ZDYF2023XDNY180). Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Anderson E., Ali L., Beavis W., Chen P., Clemente T., Diers B., Graef G., Grassini P., Hyten D., McHale L., Nelson R., Parrott W., Patil G., Stupar R., and Tilmon K., 2019, Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) breeding: history, improvement, production and future opportunities, In: Al-Khayri J., Jain S., and Johnson D. (eds.), Advances in plant breeding strategies: legumes, Springer, Cham, Switzerland, pp.431-516. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23400-3_12 Babu R., Nair S., Prasanna B., and Gupta H., 2004, Integrating marker-assisted selection in crop breeding: prospects and challenges, Current Science, 87: 607-619. Campos-Rivero G., Cázares-Sánchez E., Tamayo-Ordoñez M., Tamayo-Ordóñez Y., Padilla-RamÃrez J.S., Quiroz-Moreno A., and Sánchez-Teyer L., 2017, Application of sequence specific amplified polymorphism (SSAP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for variability and molecular assisted selection (MAS) studies of the Mexican guava, African Journal of Agricultural Research, 12: 2372-2387. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2017.12354 Chen L., Gao W., Guo T., Huang C., Huang M., Wang J., Xiao W., Yang G., Liu Y., Wang H., and Chen Z., 2016, A genotyping platform assembled with high-throughput DNA extraction, codominant functional markers, and automated CE system to accelerate marker-assisted improvement of rice, Molecular Breeding, 36: 123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-016-0547-y Choi S., Ly S., Lee J., Oh H., Kim S., Kim N., and Chung J., 2022, Breeding of penta null soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] for five antinutritional and allergenic components of lipoxygenase, KTI, lectin, 7S α’ subunit, and stachyose, Frontiers in Plant Science, 13: 910249. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.910249 Collard B., Collard B., Jahufer M., Brouwer J., and Pang E., 2005, An introduction to markers, quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping and marker-assisted selection for crop improvement: the basic concepts, Euphytica, 142: 169-196. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-005-1681-5 Das G., Patra J., and Baek K., 2017, Insight into MAS: a molecular tool for development of stress resistant and quality of rice through gene stacking, Frontiers in Plant Science, 8: 985. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00985 Devi E., Devi C., Kumar S., Sharma S., Beemrote A., Chongtham S., Singh C., Tania C., Singh T., Ningombam A., Akoijam R., Singh I., Singh Y., Monteshori S., Omita Y., Prakash N., and Ngachan S., 2017, Marker assisted selection (MAS) towards generating stress tolerant crop plants, Plant Gene, 11: 205-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PLGENE.2017.05.014 Dormatey R., Sun C., Ali K., Coulter J., Bi Z., and Bai J., 2020, Gene pyramiding for sustainable crop improvement against biotic and abiotic stresses, Agronomy, 10(9): 1255. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091255
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