Molecular Plant Breeding 2024, Vol.15, No.4, 155-166 http://genbreedpublisher.com/index.php/mpb 158 between the SCMV-resistant genotype B-48 and the susceptible genotype Badila following infection, Akbar et al. (2020) demonstrated that the B-48 genotype enhances its resistance to SCMV infection by upregulating antioxidant defense systems and activating key transcription factors. This study provides important molecular mechanisms and potential targets for disease resistance breeding and management in sugarcane. Moreover, Ma et al. (2004) provided a foundational set of sugarcane expressed sequence tags (ESTs), facilitating the functional characterization of genes potentially linked with economic traits. These transcriptomic analyses have enabled a better understanding of the sugarcane genome, providing a pathway to discover gene functions and their regulatory mechanisms. Figure 1 SNP-based sugarcane genetic map with putative origin of co-segregation groups and comparison with sorghum chromosomes (Adopted from Garsmeur et al., 2018) Image caption: The 132 CGs of cultivar R570 are represented with SNP markers assigned to S. officinarum or S. spontaneum indicated by green and red bars, respectively. Circos represents orthologous relationships between sugarcane CGs and sorghum chromosomes (Sb1–Sb10) based on the alignment, for each CG, of a majority of the markers on one (a, b) or two (c) sorghum chromosomes (color links) (Adopted from Garsmeur et al., 2018) 4.2 Gene editing and CRISPR Recent developments in CRISPR/Cas genome editing have opened new avenues for precise genetic modifications in sugarcane, potentially overcoming some of the limitations posed by its complex genome. The versatility of CRISPR technology allows for targeted gene modifications that can lead to enhanced trait selection and faster breeding cycles (Krishna et al., 2023). Kang (2019) highlighted the development of a web-application designed to aid researchers in finding guide RNA binding sites for CRISPR-based editing in the sugarcane genome, facilitating the precise engineering of desired traits. Recent studies have employed CRISPR/Cas9 technology to generate site-specific mutations in sugarcane. For instance, Eid et al. (2021) utilized CRISPR/Cas9 to edit multiple alleles of the magnesium chelatase subunit I (MgCh), facilitating the production of easily targetable
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