Molecular Plant Breeding 2024, Vol.15, No.3, 100-111 http://genbreedpublisher.com/index.php/mpb 103 Figure 1 Morphological variation in the cowpea MAGIC population (Adopted from Huynh et al., 2018) Image caption: Plant appearance at 65 days after planting under (a) long-day conditions at the University of California-Riverside Citrus Experiment Station in 2015 and (b) short-day conditions at the Coachella Valley Agricultural Research Station in 2016, both under full irrigation. (c) Seed appearance, (d) flower color and (e) leaf shape of parents (top panel) and a representation of MAGIC F8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) (in the lower part of c, each seed is from a different F8 RIL). In (a) and (b) red arrows indicate examples of lines that matured earlier than other lines. In (d) and (e) parent codes are: A, IT89KD-288; B, IT84S-2049; C, CB27; D, IT82E-18; E, Suvita-2; F, IT00K-1263; G, IT84S-2246; H, IT93K-503-1 (Adopted from Huynh et al., 2018) Similarly, a MAGIC population in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) called WM-800 was developed by intercrossing eight modern winter wheat cultivars. This population showed significant differences in agronomic traits under contrasting nitrogen fertilization treatments and led to the identification of QTL alleles that improved traits such as grain yield (Figure 3) (Lisker et al., 2022). This GWAS research represents a significant advance in our understanding of the genetic basis of important agronomic traits in wheat, particularly in relation to nitrogen use. By identifying 240 significant MTAs across 21 wheat chromosomes, the study provides crucial insights into the genetic factors that influence traits such as heading, maturity, plant height, ears per square meter, grain number per ear, thousand grain weight, and grain yield under varying nitrogen levels. This research underscores the complexity of wheat's genetic architecture and
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