Molecular Plant Breeding 2024, Vol.15, No.1, 1-7 http://genbreedpublisher.com/index.php/mpb 1 Review and Progress Open Access Revealing the Genetic Differentiation of Different Geographical Populations of Juniperus spp. Based on Chloroplast Genome Weichang Wu Jiugu MolBreed SciTech Ltd., Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China Corresponding email: 3397575099@qq.com Molecular Plant Breeding, 2024, Vol.15, No.1 doi: 10.5376/mpb.2024.15.0001 Received: 05 Dec., 2023 Accepted: 09 Jan., 2024 Published: 21 Jan., 2024 Copyright © 2024 Wu, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Wu W.C., 2024, Revealing the genetic differentiation of different geographical populations of Juniperus spp. based on chloroplast genome, Molecular Plant Breeding, 15(1): 1-7 (doi: 10.5376/mpb.2024.15.0001) Abstract Juniperus spp. are a diverse group of coniferous trees with wide distribution. This review focuses on the genetic differentiation of juniper populations across different geographic regions based on chloroplast genome analysis. By examining chloroplast genome sequences of junipers, significant genetic variations were identified among different geographic populations. These variations include single nucleotide polymorphisms, insertions/deletions, and structural differences in the genomes, reflecting the genetic adaptation and evolutionary history within distinct geographical environments. We also summarize the major driving factors behind juniper genetic differentiation, such as topography, climate, and human activities, all of which are closely associated with juniper genetic diversity and adaptability, and we emphasize the importance of studying juniper population genetic differentiation through chloroplast genome analysis and the potential applications of such research in the conservation and management of juniper resources. Keywords Juniperus spp.; Chloroplast genome; Genetic differentiation; Geographic populations; Genetic diversity 1 Introduction Cypress, as an ancient and important tree species, not only plays a key role in forestry, but also has significant value in environmental protection, soil fixation and ecological balance (Figure 1) (Charpin et al., 2019). Its wide distribution spans different geographical settings and covers a wide range of environmental types and climatic conditions, from cold alpine regions to warm subtropical zones, reflecting its ability to adapt to diverse habitats. This tree is known for its drought tolerance, cold tolerance and adaptability, and is widely used in forestry, horticulture and ecological restoration. Its natural resistance and growth characteristics make cypress occupy an important position in different geographical locations and ecosystems (Fu et al., 2018). However, behind this geographical distribution lies rich genetic diversity and adaptability, which is one of the important reasons for this study to further study the genetic differentiation of geographic populations of cypress. Figure 1Juniperus spp.
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