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Intl. J. of Molecular Zoology, 2012, Vol.2, No.6, 51
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52
1 Results and Discussion
Among 422 stool samples examined, 256 of males and
the incidence of infection was 60.66%, and among
166 stool samples taken from females the incidence of
infection was 39.33%. This means that males are more
suitable to parasitic infection may be because they are
spending more time outdoor in road and streets
playing or even working.
Table 1 showing types of intestinal parasites recorded
including protozoans and helminths. High percentage
of infection was by
Giardia lamblia
(37%), followed
by
Entamoeba histolytica
(28.2%), as concern
helminths high infection rate by
E. vermicularis
(15.3%), then
H. nana
(6.4%),
A. duodenale
(5.1%),
then
A. lumbricoides
(3.8%), then the cestode
T.
saginata
(2.5%), then,
T. trichura
(1.2%). It is well
known that
G. lamblia
and
E. histolytica
directly infect
persons along foods and water,
G. lamblia
can stay in
water for two months and it is resistance to chlorine
used in drinking water sterilization (Roberts et al.,
2009). Noteworthy may there are different strains of
Giardia
in different hosts (Mahmud et al., 2001).
However,
E. histolytica
can be widespread even in
very tidy and hygienic persons, new strains may be
arising in addition to high resistance of well feed
persons and symptomless persons and spread of cysts
due to faceal contamination as chlorination of water is
not sufficient to kill cysts of
E. histolytica
(Hawker et
al., 2005).
Table 1 The frequency of intestinal parasite
Intestinal parasites Spp.
No. infected
Percentage (%)
Entameaba histolytica
22
28.2
Giardia lamblia
29
37.0
Hymenolepis nana
5
6.5
Taenia saginata
2
2.5
Ascaris lumricoides
3
3.8
Enterobius vermicnrlis
12
15.3
Trichuris trichura
1
1.2
Ancylostoma duodenale
4
5.1
Total
78
100.0
Table 2 showing number of identified parasites
according the host sex, percentage of infection by
E.
histolytica
was 14.4% in males and 8.2% in females
respectively. The percentage of
G. lamblia
infection
was high, 15.4% in males and 14.4% in females while
infection with
T. saginata
was 2.06% in males and
5.1% in females. Infection rate with nematodes,
E.
vermicularis
was 12.3% in males and 7.2% in females
respectively.
High infection rate with protozoans especially
G.
lamblia
may be due to its short life cycle and
transmission via polluted food and the exposed food
saled by portable saler especially sweets, grapes, date
palms, other fruits and which attract numerous flies.
As concern intestinal nematodes,
E. vermicularis
infection rate was 15.3%. Usually, infection with this
worm might lead to anal itching and restlessness
especially in children. Similar results were obtained
by Karrar and Rahim (1995).
From this study it is revealed that the infection rate
with the
H
.
nana
was 6.4% which is close to the
results of Al-Abiady (1998).
As regards infection with
A. duedenale
the prevalence
was 5.1% this is very close to the results of
Al-Kajkajy (1989) but not in coincidence with those
of Agi (1995). Such low infection rate may be because
the eggs of hookworms need special environmental
condition such as humid soil, partial darkness, soil
rich in nutrients. It is worth mentioning that, using
chemical fertilizer in agriculture instead of faeces
might lead to inhibition of eggs growth which lead
to reducing infection. Furthermore wearing shoes by
the farmers during performing their job instead of
naked feet might also be considered a factor
reducing worm infection.
As regards eggs of
A
.
lumbricoides
the infection rate
was 3.8% this results coincides with the Results of
A-Naemy (2001) and Wongstitwilairoong et al (2007),
but it differs from Najary (2008), may because the
country Iraq showed economic development in
houses as they make pavement of houses as the eggs
of this worm need humid soil with so that
development of the eggs may proceed. Furthermore
introducing mechanization in agriculture instead of
classical methods in agriculture led to reduce the
contamination of farmers doing their job.