International Journal of Aquaculture, 2013, Vol.3, No.11, 49
-
54
53
were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at
0.05%
alpha level by spss window 7 (statistics for
political and social sciences, window 7, version 20.0).
The
post hoc
comparison of means was carried out using
Duncan’s multiple range tests (Frank and Althoen, 1995).
R
eferences
Ada F. B., Ayotunde E. O., and Bayim B. P. R., 2012a, Some biological and
hematological responses of
Oreochromis niloticus
juveniles exposed to
Atrazine herbicide, AACL Bioflux, 5(5): 369-379
Ada F. B., Ekpenyong E. E., and Ndome C. B., 2012b, Haematological,
behavioural and biological changes in
Oreochromis niloticus
juveniles
exposed to Glyphosate herbicide, Biological Environmental Sciences
Journal for the Tropics, 9(2): 147-154
Ada F. B., Ndome C. B., and Bayim P. B., 2011, Some haematological
changes in
Oreochomis niloticus
exposed to Butachlor, Journal of
Agriculture and Food Technology (JAFT), 1(6): 73-80
Ada F. B., 2011, Toxicity of some selected herbicides: Glyphosate,
Gramoxone Butachlor and Atrazine to
Oreochromis niloticus
juveniles.
A Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Graduate School, University of Calabar,
Calabar, Nigeria
Adeyemo O. K., 2005, Haematological and Histological Effects of Cassava
mill Effluent in
Clarias giriepinus
,
African Journal of Biomedical
Research, 8: 175-183
Agbon A. O., Ofojekwu P. C., Ezenwaka I. S., and Alegbeleye W. O., 2002,
Acute toxicity of diazonon to rotifers, cyclops, mosquito larvae and fish,
Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Management, 6(1): 18-21
APHA, 1981, Standard methods for the examination & waste water, 15
th
edition, APHA-AWNA-WPCF
Ateeq B., Farah M. A., and Ahmed W., 2006, Evidence of apoptotic effects
of 2, 4–D and butachlor on working catfish
Clarias batrachus
by
transmission electron microscopy and DNA degradation studies, Life
Sciences, 78(9): 977- 986,
Ateeq B., Farah M. A., Ali M. N.,and Ahmed W., 2002, Classtogenecity of
Pentachlorophenol, 2,4 – D and Butachlor evaluated by Allium root tip
test, Mutation Research, 514(1-2): 105 -113,
/
S1383-5718(01)00327-8
Ayoola S. O., and Ajani E. K., 2008, Histopathological effects of
Cypermethrin on juvenile African cat fish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell
1822),
World Journal of Biological Research, 1(2): 1-14
Ayotunde E. O., Fagbero O. A., and Adebayo O., 2010a, Toxicity of
aequeous extrct of
Moringa oleifera
seed powder to nile tilapia
Oreochromis niloticus
(
Linne, 1779) fingerlings, International
Research Journal of Agricultural Science, 1(4):142-150
Ayotunde E. O., Offem B. O., and Ada F. B., 2010b, Evaluation of the acute
and chronic toxicity of the seeds of (
Carica papaya
Linn.) its
haematological and piscicidal effects on a freshwater catfish (
Clarias
gariepinus
)
adults, Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 6(3):
291-308
Babatunde M. M., Oludimiji A. A., and Balogun J. K., 2001, Acute toxicity
of Gamaxone to
Oreochromis niloticus
(
Treweva) in Nigeria, Water Air
Soil Pollution, 13(1-4): 1-10,
Beitlich J. H., Jenning B. H., Lasse B. A., Nelson R. C., Ott J. J., Whitney
J.M. and Wooly S. K., 1995,
Introduction to fish Health Management,
B. A. Lasse 2
nd
edn, Onalaska, Wisconsin, USA
Bernet D., Wahli T., Kueng C. and Segner H., 2004, Frequent and
unexplained gonadal abnormalities in whitefish (Central alpine
oligotrophic lake in Swetzerland), Diseases of Aquatic Organisms,
61(1-2): 137-148,
Cengiz E. I., Unlu E., and Balci K., 2001, The Histopathological effects of
Thiodin on the liver and gut of mosquito fish,
Gambusia afinis
,
Journal
of Environmental Science and Health,
36(1):
75-85,
10.1081/
PFC-100000918
Couch J. A., 1984, Histology and enlargement of the pituitary of the teleost
exposed to the herbicide trifluralin, Journal of fish diseases,
7(2):
157-163,
FAO, 1997, Manual of methods in aquatic environment research part 4:
Bases for selecting biological test to evaluate marine pollution, FAO
Technical papers 104, pp.31
Fawole O. O., and Arawono G. A. O., 2000, Fecundity of
Sarotherodon
galilaeus
(
Pisces: Cichlidae) in the Opa Reservoir, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,
Revista de Biologia Tropical, 48(1): 1-4
Frank H., and Althoen S. C., 1995, Statistics: Concepts and Applications,
Cambridge low perice edition, Cambridge University Press,
Cambeidge
Ghanbahadur A. G., and Ghanbahadur G. R., 2012, Study Of Gonadosomatic
Index of fresh water fish
Cyprinus carpio
,
Retrieved 27/3/2013
Gomez-Marquez J. L., Pena-Mendoza B., Salgodo-Ugarte I. H., and
Gomex-Arroyo M., 2003, Reproductive aspects of
Oreochomis
niloticus
(
Perciformes: Cichlidae) at Coatetelco Lake, Moreles, Mexico,
International Journal of Tropical Biology and Conservation, 51(1):
221-228
Jiraungkoorskul W., Upatham E. S., Kruatrachue M., Sahaphong S.,
Vichasri-Gram S., and Pokethitiyook P., 2002, Histopathologocal
Effects of Roungup, a Glyphosate herbicide, on Nile tilapia
(
Oreochromis niloticus)
,
ScienceAsia 28: 121-127,
10.2306/
scienceasia1513-1874.2002.28.121
Kamanga L. J., Kaunda E., Mtimuni J. P., Maluwa A. O., and Mfitilodze W.
M., 2002, Effect of temperature on gonadosomatic index (GSI) of
Oreochromis karongae
(
Trewavas), Aqua-Fish technical report, 1: 21-24
Kori-Siakpere O., Adamu K., Achokpokri, and Aghogho J., 2007, Sublethal
effects of paraquat on plasma Glucose levels and Glycogen reserves in
liver & muscle tissue of African catfish (
Clarias gariepinus)
under
laboratory condition, Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2:
243-247,
Koumi A. R., Atse B. C., Otchoumou K. A., and Kouame P., 2008, Effects
of partial and complete replacement of fish meal protein with a
soybeanon growth performance of black-chinned tilapia
Sarotherodon
melantheron
(
Ruppell 1852) in tank culture, Livestock Research for
Rural Development, 20(12)
Lim C., Aksoy M. L., Welker T. and Klesius P., 2007, Growth, immune
response and resistance to
Streptococcus iniae
of Nile Tilapia fed diets
containing various levels of vitamin C and E, United State Department
of Agricultural Research Services
Martins M. L., Mourino J. L., Amarsl G. V., Viera F. N., Dotta G., Jatoba A.
M., Pedrotti F. S., Jeromino G. T., Buglioe-Neto C. C., and Periera J.
G., 2008, Haemathological changes in Nile
Tilapia
experimentally
infested with
Enterococcus species
,
Brazilian Journal of Biology,
68(3):657-661,
Ogunji J., Toor R. S., Schulz C., and Kloas W., 2008, Growth Performance,
Nutrient Utilization of Nile Tilapia,
Oreochromis niloticus
fed
Housefly maggots (magmeal) Diets, Turkish Journal of Fisheries &
AquaticSciences, 8: 141-147
Olurin K. B., Olojo E .A. A., Mbaka G. O., and Akindele A. T., 2006,
Histopathological responses of the gill and liver tissues of
Clarias
gariepinus
fingerlings to the herbicide, glyphosate, African Journal of
Biotechnology, 5(24): 2480-2487
Ou Y. H., Chung P. C., Chang Y. C., Ngo F. Q., Hsu K. Y., and Chen F. D.,
2000,
Butachlor, a suspected carcinogen, Alters Growth and
Transformation Characteristics of Mouse Liver cells, Chemical Research in
Toxicology, 13(12): 1321-1325,
Peters N, Kohler A., and Kranz H., 1987, Liver pathology in fishes from the
lower Elbe as a consequence of pollution, Diseases of aquatic
organisms, 2: 87-97,
Ross M. A., and Childs D. J., 1996, Herbicide mode-of-Action Summary,
Simpson M. G., Parry M., Kleinkauf A., Swarbreck D., Walker P., and Leah
R. T., 2000,
Pathology of the liver, kidney and gonad of flounder
(
Platichthys flesus) from a UK estuary impacted by endocrine
disrupting chemicals, Mar Environ Res., 50(1-5): 283-287
Stentiford G. D., Longshaw M., Lyons B. P., Jones G., Green M., and Feist