Page 8 - IJA-Vol.3-No.10
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International Journal of Aquaculture, 2013, Vol.3, No.10, 43
-
48
47
As whole, the total efficiency of toxicity removal of
the textile treatment plant of Hawassa textile industry
achieved up to 57.33%. However, the treatment plant
should be improved to use the water for irrigation and
drinking purpose for domestic animals; otherwise, the
use of the wastewater at present condition is unsafe.
3
Conclusions
The present results clearly demonstrated that the
effluent treatment plant of the textile industry is
effective to remove up to 57% of the toxicants.
However, the discharged wastewater from its treatment
plant (biological lagoons) contains toxic substances.
Which could be potential source contaminate the
receiving water bodies. Thereby it is unsafe to use for
irrigation and drinking purpose for domestic animals
unless the efficiency of the treatment plant is
improved. Therefore, effective hazard analysis and
critical control point monitoring should be advocated
in order to maintain friendly environmental and usage
of our water resources.
4
Materials and Methods
4.1
Sampling of Effluent
Effluent was collected from both inlet and outlet of
the treatment plant (biological logon) of Hawassa
Textile industry which is located at a distance of
2.5
km from the industry. The sample was transported
to biology laboratory using plastic containers. The
industry is found in South Nation Nationality and
People Region. Hawassa. Located at a distance of
275
km from Addis Ababa. The capital city of Ethiopia,
to south direction.
4.2
Sampling of Juvenile
Oreochromis niloticus
Healthy juvenile
Oreochromis
niloticus
of mixed-sex
with an average body weight of 2.6 g/fish were
collected from Lake Hawassa in May 2011. The fish
were allowed to acclimatize for fifteen days until the
fish become more active and stopped mass mortality.
During the acclimatization period, the fish were fed
with locally available fish diet. Dead and weakened
fish were removed daily.
4.3
Experimental Design and Toxicity Test
The experiment was conducted in Biology laboratory.
Hawassa University. In this experiment range finding
test was carried out to determine the definitive
concentrations to be used for acute evaluation test
(
Dahunsi and Oranusi, 2012). In this laboratory, 0%,
10%, 20%, 30%, 40%,
and 100% (v/v) effluent
concentration was prepared using tap water in
triplicates with a total volume of 20L each. In each
aquarium. 10 Nile tilapia.
Oreochromis niloticus
fingerlings were stocked for 96hrs.
4.4
Data Collection and Analysis
The experiment was monitored for 96hours and thus
the behavioural responses of the fish were observed.
Mortality was also registered at six hours interval and
thus. Percentage of mortality at 96hours and LC
50
were determined. LC
50
values were determined from
graph percentage mortality against effluent concentration
using quadratic graphic method by modifying
arithmetic graphic method used by Dahunsi and
Oranusi (2012). Acute toxicity unit (ATU), total
efficiency (E) of effluent treatment plant and safe
concentration level (SCL) were also calculated using
the follow formula described by US-EPA (2000):
ATU=100/LC
50
% (
v/v).
E=ATUi-ATUo)/ATUi*100.
SCL=LC
50
% (
v/v)*0.1. where ATUi is acute toxicity
unit for inlet. ATUo is acute toxicity unit for outlet and
0.1
is application factors.
Acknowledgment
This research was financially supported by RDD. Hawassa University. The
author would like to thank to Dr Tesfaye Abebe for his contribution to
facilitating the financial aspect. The author also acknowledges to Dr Elias
Dadebo for his professional advice in all aspects.
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