Page 19 - 2011no55

Basic HTML Version

分子植物育种
(
网络版
), 2011
,
9
,
1411
-
1417
Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong (Online), 2011, Vol.9, 1411
-
1417
http://mpb.
5th
.sophiapublisher.com
1411
研究报告
A Letter
毛白杨基因组内转录区域遗传杂合水平估算
江锡兵
,
李博
,
宋跃朋
,
王泽亮
,
安新民
,
张志毅
北京林业大学林木育种国家工程实验室
,
林木花卉遗传育种教育部重点实验室
,
国家林业局树木花卉育种与生物工程重点开放实验室
,
北京
, 100083
通讯作者
:
zhangzy209@163.com
作者
分子植物育种
, 2011
,
9
,
55
doi: 10.5376/mpb.cn.2011.09.0055
收稿日期:
2011
03
09
接受日期:
2011
04
25
发表日期:
2011
05
09
这是一篇采用
Creative Commons Attribution License
进行授权的开放取阅论文。只要对本原作有恰当的引用
,
版权所有人允许并同意第三方无条
件的使用与传播。
引用格式:
江锡兵等
, 2011,
毛白杨基因组内转录区域遗传杂合水平估算
,
分子植物育种
Vol.9 No.55 (doi: 10.5376/mpb.cn.2011.09.0055)
分子标记技术的迅速发展,为研究林木基因组遗传结构提供了重要手段。本研究首次利用
cDNA-AFLP
技术对毛白
杨及毛新杨基因组转录区多态性水平和遗传杂合水平进行分析。结果显示:
47
对引物一共获得清晰可读条带
1 564
条,标记
平均多态性水平为
19.6%
,为整个基因组多态性水平的
71.5%
,且不同引物之间差异明显。利用这些引物,对毛新杨×毛白
杨回交群体进行分析,估算出毛白杨及其杂种毛新杨基因组转录区内的平均遗传杂合水平分别为
12.47%
7.16%
。与整个
基因组的遗传杂合水平相比,毛白杨降低了
33.4%
,毛新杨降低了
15.5%
,转录区杂合程度显著降低,表现出在更强的选择
压力下序列突变率的显著下降。本研究为进一步了解毛白杨基因组内转录区遗传结构提供了重要信息,并为针对杨树基因组
结构分析奠定了基础。基因组内转录区的遗传杂合水平反映了等位基因杂合程度,而等位基因的杂合程度与杂种优势密切相
关,研究最后对利用转录区内遗传杂合程度研究杨树杂种优势可行性进行了探讨。
关键词
杨树
; cDNA-AFLP;
多态性水平
;
杂种优势
Estimating the Heterozigosity Level Within the Transcribed Regions of the
Whole Genome of
Populus tomentosa
Carr.
Jiang Xibing , Li Bo , Song Yuepeng , Wang Zeliang , An Xinmin , Zhang Zhiyi
National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, NDRC, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, MOE, Tree and
Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory, SFA, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China
Corresponding author, zhangzy209@163.com;
Authors
Abstract
The rapid development of molecular markers technology provided a powerful tool to decipher the genomic structure of
woody plants. In this study, the heterozygosity levels within the transcribed regions of the whole
Populus
genome had been analyzed
with a backcross population of
P. tomentosa
by untilizing cDNA-AFLP technology for the first time. 1 564 unambiguous bands had
been amplified with 47 primer combinations and the average polymorphism in transcribed regions reached 19.6%, which was 71.5%
of the polymorphism of the whole genome. The results showed that the heterozigosity levels of
P. tomentosa
and
P. tomentosa
×
P.
balleana
are 12.47% and 7.16% respectively. Compared with that in the whole genome scale, the heterosigosity within transcribed
regions declined 33.4% and 15.5% for
P. tomentosa
and
P. tomentosa
×
P. balleana
, which indicated mutation rate slowed down in
these certain region because of higher selection pressure had been focused on functional regions. This study provided basic
knowledge for genetic structure of
P. tomentosa
and built a platform for further exploration in genome structure of
Populus
. The
heterozygosity of transcribed regions reflected the heterozygous feature of allele which had a closed relation with heterosis, so this
approach had been discussed for its role in unveiling the mechanism of heterosis of
Populus
.
Keywords
Poplar; cDNA-AFLP; Polymorphism; Heterosis
研究背景
杨属树种发生在距今约
0.5~1
亿年前
(Schoell et
al., 1994; Shevenell et al., 2004)
,在如此漫长的进化
过程中,由于种间种内杂交频繁,长期以来造成了
遗传背景复杂,基因组杂合程度较高,遗传负荷较
大等特点,使得杨属树种的遗传结构研究十分困
难。遗传杂合度可以反映同源染色体相同位置上核
苷酸序列的结构,通常作为研究某一群体遗传多样
性时的重要指标。与之类似,遗传杂合水平同样可
以用来研究某一种
(
或个体
)
的遗传杂合程度,从而
研究其遗传结构,揭示其进化规律。分子标记的飞
速发展,为研究林木遗传结构提供了高效的研究手