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International Journal of Molecular Veterinary Research
2012, Vol.2, No.1, 1
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5
http://ijmvr.sophiapublisher.com
1
A Letter Open Access
Comparative Study between Serological and Molecular Methods for Diagnosis
Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus
Saged Hasan
Veterinary Faculty, ALEPPO University -IDLEB, SYRIA
Corresponding authors email:
sagedhasan@hotmail.com
International Journal of Molecular Veterinary Research, 2012, Vol.2, No.1 doi: 10.5376/ijmvr.2012.02.0001
Received: 26 Mar., 2012
Accepted: 12 Apr., 2012
Published: 16 Apr., 2012
This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction
in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article:
Hasan, 2012, Comparative Study between Serological and Molecular Methods for Diagnosis Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus, International Journal of Molecular
Veterinary Research, Vol.2, No.1 1-5 (doi: 10.5376/ ijmvr.2012. 02.0001)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the specificity and sensitivity of modified serological and molecular tools
for the detection of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV). The study was evaluated using 100 samples of known status blood
samples (50 positive and 50 negative), blood sera samples were tested to detect antigens of (BVDV) by using (IDEXX, Herd
Check BVDV Ag/Serum Plus) ELISA test and real-time PCR assay were modified to detect the RNA of BVDV in fresh blood
samples.
The presences of antigens of BVDV in sera were detected in all positive samples by ELISA test, and RT-PCR assay could detect
RNA in all positive samples. In conclusion, these serological and molecular tools have 100% specificity and sensitivity for
diagnosis BVDV.
Keywords
BVDV; Real-time PCR; ELISA
Introduction
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a member of
the
Pestivirus
genus within the family Flaviviridae,
small, enveloped and plus stranded RNA virus
(Wengler, 1991). Two types have been reported
BVDV
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1 and BVDV
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2. Cattle and sheep can be
infected by both types (Greiser-Wilke et al., 2003).
BVDV in cattle has been reported worldwide and has
a significant economic impact on cattle industry since
the virus causes respiratory and reproductive disorders
(Alkan et al., 2000; Greiser-Wilke et al., 2003).
Bovine viral diarrhea virus causes various clinical
syndromes in cattle including diarrhea, mucosal
disease, reproduction disfunctions, abortion, teratogen-
esis, embryonic resorption, fetal mummification and
stillbirth) and hemorrhagic syndrome (Coetzer and
Tustin 2004; Passler et al., 2007).
There are numerous methods available for diagnosing
both persistent infections and acute or transient
infection with BVDV. These include antigen-capture
(AC) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),
immunohistochemical (IHC) testing, gel-based reverse-
transcription (RT) or real-time polymerase chain
reaction (PCR), and virus isolation in cell culture
(Saliki et al., 2004).
Several factors influence what diagnostic tests should
be chosen for a given BVD control program. In the
past, detection of PI animals based on virus isolation
in individual animals, sometimes accompanied with
serological assays. Due to necessity of having a fast
and a cheap serological assay, the enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed. This
assay for the detection of viral antigens (Ag) has made
testing fast and somehow cheaper (Fulton, 2009).
The purpose of current study were to comparative
detection of BVDV by evaluation of antigen capture
ELISA and RT-PCR assay in fresh blood samples and
determine the specificity and sensitivity of best
method for diagnosis.