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基因组学与医学生物学
, 2013
,
2
,
1
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Jiyinzuxue Yu Yixue Shengwuxue (Online), 2013, Vol.2, 1
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http://gmb.5th.sophiapublisher.com
Copyright © 2013 5
th
Publisher 1
研究报告
A Letter
树鼩,一类原始的灵长类哺乳动物用作医学实验动物
Paul A. Young
Animal Group, Saunders Institute at BC, Canada
通讯作者:
Paul.A.Young@SaundersInstitute.com
作者
基因组学与医学生物学
, 2013
,
2
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1
doi: 10.5376/gmb.cn.2013.02.0001
本文首次以英文发表在
Int'l J. Mol. Zoo., Vol.1, No.2, 4
-
6
上。现依据版权所有人授权的许可协议,采用
Creative Commons Attribution License
议对其进行授权,用中文再次发表与传播。只要对原作有恰当的引用
,
版权所有人允许并同意第三方无条件的使用与传播。如果读者对中文含义理解
有歧义,请以英文原文为准。
引用格式:
Young P.A., 2011, Treeshrews, the Primitive Primate Mammals for Medical Experimental Animals, Int'l J. Mol. Zoo., Vol.1, No.2, 4
-
6 (doi:
10.5376/ijmz.2011. 01.0002)
树鼩,一类外形似松鼠,生活在东南亚热带地区的小型哺乳动物。树鼩归属于树鼩目
(Scandentia)
,有
2
5
属共
20
个种。其中树鼩属
(Tupaia)
15
个种,为最大的一个属。树鼩属中以北方树鼩
(
Tupaiabelangeri
)
和普通树鼩
(
Tupaiaglis
)
较为
著名。对于树鼩目该被置于食虫目还是灵长目有不少争议。普遍认为树鼩与灵长类动物具有较为接近的亲缘关系,并且还具
有一些适合作物实验动物的独特的特点,如成年树鼩较小的体形尺寸,较高的脑体质量比,较短的生殖周期和生命周期,树
鼩已被认为可以作为一种灵长类动物的替代动物。过去的十年以来,树鼩作为一种替代动物模型已经广泛地应用与生物医学
研究和药物安全试验。
关键词
树鼩;树鼩目;灵长目;灵长类实验动物
Treeshrews, the Primitive Primate Mammals for Medical Experimental Animals
Paul A. Young
Animal Group, Saunders Bioscience Institute at BC, Canada
Corresponding author, Paul.A.Young@SaundersInstitute.com;
Authors
Abstract
Treeshrews are small, squirrel-like mammals native to the tropical regions of Southeast Asia, which are placed in
Scandentia
order including two families,
Tupaiidae
and
Ptilocercidae
. There are five genera including 20 species. Genus
Tupaia
having 15 species is the largest genus in the order. Northern treeshrew (
Tupaia belangeri
) and common treeshrew (
Tupaia glis
) are
two of the most famous treeshrews in the
Tupaia
genus. To date, there has been a great controversy as to whether treeshrews should
be placed in the order of insectivore or primates. Treeshrews are generally considered to have a close genetic relationship to primates,
and also have some unique characteristics suitable laboratory animal, such as relatively small body mass, high brain-to-body mass
ratio, short reproductive cycle and life span, treeshrews have been proposed to be used as an alternative experimental animal for
primates. In the past decade, treeshrews as an alternative animal model has been widely applied in biomedical research and safety
testing for medicine.
Keywords
Treeshrew;
Scandentia
; Primates; Primate experimental animal
树鼩,一类外形似松鼠,生活在东南亚热带地
区的小型哺乳动物
(
1)
。由于树鼩与灵长类动物的
亲缘关系较为接近,被用作代替非人灵长类动物的
医学实验动物,而受到广泛的关注。
1
基本特征
树鼩
(Tree shrew)
是一类有一个长长的尾巴和
柔软的灰红褐色皮毛的细长动物。土居种树鼩的体
形比树栖种要大,前者有较大的爪子,用于捕食昆虫。
树鼩是杂食性动物,以昆虫,小型脊椎动物,水果和
种子为食。树鼩的犬齿发育不良
(
细小
)
,臼齿
unspe-
cialised
,齿式为:
(Hutterer et al., 1984)
。树鼩
的颈侧有条纹,是区别树鼩属种的重要标志之一。
树栖树鼩是双目并用的,因此树鼩可能有很好
的视觉;大多数树鼩是日间活动的动物,但笔尾树
鼩是昼伏夜出。
收稿日期:
2013
01
02
接受日期:
2013
01
10
发表日期:
2013
01
28