Molecular Plant Breeding 2015, Vol.6, No.14, 1
-
8
1
Research Article
Open
Access
Biosorption Property of Cadmium (II) in
Marsilea minuta
L. with Polyamine
Interaction
Das K., Adak M.K.
Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741235, Nadia, W.B., India
Corresponding
authors
email:
Molecular
Plant
Breeding,
2015,
Vol.6,
No.14
doi:
10.5376/mpb.2015.06.0014
Received:
22
Jun.,
2015
Accepted:
11
Aug.,
2015
Published:
10
Sep.,
2015
Copyright
© 2015
Das K. and Adak M.K.,
This
is
an
open
access
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Commons
Attribution
License,
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provided
the
original
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is
properly
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Preferred
citation
for
this
article:
Das K. and Adak M.K., 2015,
Biosorption Property of Cadmium (II) in
Marsilea minuta
L. with Polyamine Interaction, Molecular
Plant
Breeding,
6(14):
1
-
4
(doi:
Abstract
A study was undertaken for biosorption following bio accumulation property of
Marsilea minuta
L., an aquatic
pteridophyte in cadmium enriched solutions. The possible mechanism for biosorption on the cell wall residues has been discussed
with exogenous applications of polyamine. Initially plants were evaluated both with fresh and dry mass for their differential
adsorption. A typical distribution of metal in different tissues, more into cortical and endodermal apoplastic regions were the features
as detected by Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-ray study. The changes of the cell wall residues and their possible interaction with
metals have been analyzed with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometric studies. With this study the most possible contributing
chemical bond was detected as alkyl halide with its possible changes in energy absorption. This was also minimized by spermidine
application and thus established its involvement for biosorption of metal. Accumulation of Cd in relation to chemical mechanism has
been discussed in
Marsilea
and analyzed its efficacy as a well hyper-accumulator under metal contaminated environment.
Keywords
Biosorption; Polyamine;
Marsilea minuta
; FTIR
Introduction
The toxicity for heavy metal has undoubtedly been a
subject of serious concern with regards to plant’s
nutrition. Accumulation of the heavy metals in
different degrees and duration poses a hazard to
realize the growth and development of vegetation. Of
the most discussed toxic and heavy metals in plant
system, the cadmium (Cd) might be paid the highest
attention in damages of plant growth and subsequent
hazards for animals and human (Pielichowska and
Wierzbicka, 2004) Along with the rapid and enormous
uptake of Cd, it becomes more detrimental to plant’s
at the level of cellular and physiological processes
(Das et al., 2013) Likewise, starting from seed
germination, Cd directly or indirectly interferes many
life processes including carbon assimilation (Lemoine
et al., 2013), its allocation, energy yielding metabolism,
impaired water relation, evocation of oxidative stress
and finally inadequate biomass and low economic
yield (Ludewig and Flugge, 2013). At the cellular
level, Cd is sensitized as a pro-oxidant with generation
of various reactive oxygen intermediates/species
(ROI/ROS) for establishment of oxidative stress
(Benavides et al., 2005). A number of bio-molecules
both at cytosolic and sub-cellular fractions are undergo
oxidative damages and thereby curtailing the
metabolic pathways. In addition to cytosolic or
cellular paths, plants, however, are preliminarily
affected by interaction of the Cd on its non-cellular
path. Those include the cell wall, vacuoles and other
apoplstic spaces in a significant amount (Tariq et al.,
2014). This is technically referred as biosorption
which is prelude to bio-accumulation process of Cd or
other heavy metals. With the case of removal of the
metals, the biosorption is referred as reversible and
non-energy driven surface binding event. This
biosorption of heavy metal has been a very efficient
and promising phenomenon involving the removal of
the pollutants mostly the xenobiotic and derivatives
with heavy metal residues. This is more accomplished
from contaminated bodies especially from waste water
either of natural or industrial in sources (Vassilev et al.,
2002).
According to plant species a significant variations
have been found for the degrees of sensitivity to Cd.
This gives the advantages for probing the hyper
accumulating plant species for their ability in
phytoextraction of metals from soil at a higher rate. A
number of plant species has been paid attention for
their genetic advantages of hyper accumulation of
