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Comparison of Soil macro fauna biodiversity in broad leaf and Needle leaf Afforested stands
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only some growth qualities and quantities should be
realized, but also the effect of the picked type is so
important in ecosystem revival procedure. The
environment conditions, humus and soil qualities
affect soil invertebrate constructions and numbers
(Kling et al., 2007). If humus is not qualified, then
tiny microphages and analyzers show fewer activities
which cause organic accumulation in soil surface.
When humus analysis reduces, food elements will
return to soil which brings less growth and fertility.
Consequently the organic layer is very substantial in
soil invertebrate bio-variety (Dindal, 1990). If during
harvesting the layer damages, the forest invertebrate
variety will decrease a lot. Comparing the studied
cases showed that there are some significant
transformation in soil macro-fauna abundance which
the least amount was seen in Cypress and most ones in
alder and maple (Dechaine et al., 2005). Humus
accumulation on the surface shows fewer breaks down
activities. Humus analysis relates a lot to adequate
activities of tiny microphages and analyzers (Dindal,
1990; Tondoh et al., 2007; Vesterdal et al., 2013). On
the other hand in deeper soil they would decrease in
variety which is for food resource decrease or organic
mines. Gongalsky et.al (2008) revealed that soil depth
and humidity were the most effective factors on soil
invertebrate abundance in contrast to the other tree
conformations. In some other studies thee were shown
that more variety of invertebrate affects vegetation
coating (Hooper et al., 2005). Soil temperature and
moisture are the main factors in earthworms' activities
(Kooch et al., 2013).
The present research has shown that Cypress
plantation in Shast Kalate research-educational forest
(Gorgan, Iran) resulted in litter accumulation which is,
first, influenced by the composition type of nutrients
available in litter and the weak ability of soil
inhabitants in consuming it. This is consistent with
Rahmani and Mohammad Nejad Kiasari (2003), Cole
et al. (2006), Jalilvand and Kooch (2012) findings.
Low abundance of soil mcrofauna in Cypress type can
originate from phenolic compounds available in the
leaf and nitrogen limitation in soil. Habitats with
humid soil and nutrition pool are appropriate for
detritivore and macrofauna and also play an important
role in regression of nutrients to the soil.
Table 4 Two-way analysis of soil properties in different types and soil depths
Variable factor
SS
DF
MS
F-value
Sig.
Type
pH
4.098
4
1.025
46.613
0.000
Organic Carbon
24.934
4
6.2335
68.797
0.000
Total nitrogen
0.080
4
0.02
90.400
0.000
C/N
1001.442
4
250.3605
90.427
0.000
Moisture
174.859
4
43.71475
16.502
0.000
Bulk density
0.604
4
0.151
115.524
0.000
Depth
pH
0.074
1
0.074
3.354
0.047
Organic Carbon
1.988
1
1.988
21.941
0.000
Total nitrogen
0.016
1
0.016
73.636
0.000
C/N
0.021
1
0.021
0.008
0.931
Moisture
83.774
1
83.774
31.625
0.000
Bulk density
0.014
1
0.014
10.542
0.002
Type × Depth
pH
0.048
4
0.012
0.541
0.706
Organic Carbon
0.731
4
0.183
2.018
0.110
Total nitrogen
0.006
4
0.001
6.364
0.000
C/N
8.960
4
0.240
0.800
0.532
Moisture
2.022
4
0.506
0.191
0.942
Bulk density
0.005
4
0.001
0.963
0.439
Some habitats allocated to alder with wet soil are
suitable food sources for analyzers. They also revealed
a significant role in food elements return to soil
(Rahmani and Saleh Rastin, 2000). Organic carbon is
a practical element and a fertility factor which can
broadly be used in forest soil management and habitat
Molecular Soil Biolgy