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Genomics and Applied Biology
2013, Vol.4, No.3, 15-21 http://gab.sophiapublisher.com
Research Report
Open Access
Physiology of Pgr’s and Nitrogen on Crop Growth Rate, Net Assimilation Rate,
Nitrate Reductase Activity and Indole Acetic Acid Oxidase Activity of Black
Gram (
Vigna Mungo
L.)
Krishna Surendar
1
, S. Vincent
1
, Mallika Vanagamudi
2
, H. Vijayaraghavan
1
1 Department of Crop Physicology, TNAU, Coimbatore-3, India
2 Professor of Crop Physiology, Department of ACRC, TNAU, Coimbatore-3, India
Corresponding Author email: surendartnau@gmail.com;
Author
Genomics Appied Biology, 2013, Vol.4, No.3 doi: 10.5376/gab.2013.04.0003
Copyright
© 2013 Surendar et al. This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
The field experiment were undertaken to study the effect of nitrogen in combination with foliar spray of bioregulators and
micronutrients on growth and productivity of CO5 black gram. Photosynthetic pigments and foliage soluble protein content were
estimated at different phenological phases of black gram. Seed yield were assessed at the time of harvest. Significant increase in the
CGR (Crop Growth Rate) and NAR (Net Assimilation Rate) due to basal application of nitrogen 25 kg per hectare with foliar spray
of urea 2% and 0.1 ppm brassinolide. The NA-ase and IAA-oxidase enzymes were also greatly altered by the basal application of
nitrogen 25 kg per hectare with foliar spray of urea 2% and 0.1 ppm brassinolide treatment.
Keywords
Black gram; PGR (Plant Growth Regulator); CGR (Crop Growth Rate); NAR (Net Assimilation Rate); NR-ase;
IAA-oxidase; Nitrogen and yield
Introduction
Pulses are the most important crops in India because
of its low cost and high quality protein. They play a
major role in providing a balanced protein component
in the diet of the people. Pulses contain a higher level
of quality protein, nearly three times as much as
cereals; therefore they are the cheapest and rich source
of protein and essential amino acids and thus share a
major protein of the vegetarian diet. Besides, the crops
enrich the soil fertility and health in terms of addition
of nitrogen and organic matter. Among pulses, black
gram (
Vigna mungo
L.
Hepper
), occupies a unique
place for its use as vegetable, and it is grown both as
pure and mixed crop along with maize, cotton,
sorghum and other millets. It is also known as urd
bean, and it is an important pulse crop grown all over
the world. It is a major component of the daily Indian
diet and serves as a rich protein source (23.9%)
besides; it also contains 60.4% carbohydrates. As per
the World Health Organization every man needs 80 g
of pulses per day and as per the Indian Council of
Medical Research, every man needs minimum
consumption of 47 g of protein per day to meet
requirement of the body. But at present, the per capita
availability of pulses is only 30~35 g per day.
Therefore, there is a need for three fold increase in
pulse production as that of current production. Black
gram is indeterminate in its flowering and fruiting
habits and there is a competition for available
assimilates between vegetative and reproductive sinks.
There is limitation of source (leaves) particularly at
flowering and fruiting stage. Hence, there is a need to
improve LAI, CGR, NAR and LAD. Being a C
3
plant,
CGR and RGR are relatively less than cereals and the
major yield components are pods per plant, seeds per
plant and test weight of seeds. Apart from this genetic
Genomics and Applied Biology
Preferred citation for this article:
Surendar et al., 2013, Physiology of Pgr’s and Nitrogen on Crop Growth Rate, Net Assimilation Rate, Nitrate Reductase Activity and Indole Acetic Acid
Oxidase Activity of Black Gram (
Vigna Mungo
L.), Genomics and Applied Biology, Vol.4, No.3 15-21 (doi: 10.5376/gab.2013.04.0003)
Received: 04 Jun., 2013
|
Accepted: 19 Jun., 2013
|
Published: 28 Aug., 2013