Molecular Plant Breeding 2016, Vol.7, No.28, 1
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juvenile stage in papaya. Genetics study highlighted the characteristics of papaya sex chromosome including
expansion of X and Y chromosome, events occurring during sex chromosome evolution and sex determination
genes which provides the better understanding of sex determination mechanism in papaya. Several studies based
on morphological, cytological characters and biochemical markers have been developed for sex type identification
in papaya but none of them is found to be reliable yet. Hence, molecular methods provides important tool for good
and easy identification of sex type at any stage of growth and development. This review provides a comprehensive
view on the wide range of sex linked molecular markers identified in papaya. Although sex linked RAPD, ISSR
and AFLP markers have been identified but these are not being utilized commercially for sex identification in
papaya due some limitations. Hence at present markers relevant to sex-determination in papaya are still limited.
Therefore, more precise, reliable, cost-effective, highly reproducible and relatively faster molecular markers are
needed for sex type identification at juvenile stage. SSRs and SNPs are providing a good opportunity to develop
sex-linked markers for sex identification in papaya as both have several advantages such as highly abundant, less
time consuming, rapid and cost effective genotyping.
Acknowledgements
The financial assistance in the form of Fast Track Research Project on papaya sex determination sanctioned by Science and
Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, New Delhi and Junior
Research Fellowship (to Priyanka) by Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India, New Delhi is gratefully
acknowledged.
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