International Journal of Marine Science, 2016, Vol.6, No.10, 1-8
6
Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). PTWI is the maximum amount of a contaminant to which a person can be
exposed per week over a lifetime without an unacceptable risk of health effects (National Academy of Sciences,
1989; WHO, 1996; Council of Europe, 2001; FAO/WHO, 2010; EFSA 2010, 2012a,b). EWI values of metals for
an adult (mg/70 kg body weight) consuming 121.1 g fish/week were estimated using the mean ±SD metal levels
in Figures 2A-H for
M. merlangus
. Intake estimates were expressed as per unit body weight (mg/kg body wt.
/weekly and daily). EDI values were calculated from EWI values (Türkmen et al., 2008; 2009).
Table 1 Estimated Weekly Intakes (EWI) and Estimated Daily Intakes (EDI) of heavy metals in edible tissues of whiting from Sinop
Coastal waters of the Black Sea, Turkey.
Metals
PTWI
a
PTWI
b
PTDI
c
EWI
d
EDI
e
Muscle
Eggs
Muscle
Eggs
Fe
5.6
392
56
1.33±0.24
1.70±0.30
0.19±0.03
0.24±0.04
Zn
7
490
70
2.79±0.61
3.03±0.61
0.40±0.09
0.43±0.09
Mn
2-5
140-350
20-50
0.08±0.004
0.11±0.005
0.012±0.001
0.016±0.001
Co
-
f
f
0.035±0.001
0.045±0.001
0.005±0.0002
0.006±0.0002
Cu
3.5
245
35
0.016±0.001
0.019±0.001
0.002±0.0002
0.003±0.0002
Cr
0.0233
1.631
0.233
0.007±0.0006
0.008±0.001
0.001±0.0001
0.001±0.0002
Pb
0.025
1.75
0.25
Below Detection Limit
Cd
0.007
0.49
0.07
Below Detection Limit
Ni
0.035
2.45
0.35
Below Detection Limit
Al
1
70
10
Below Detection Limit
Hg
0.004
0.28
0.04
Below Detection Limit
a
PTWI (Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake) in mg/week/70 kg body wt.
b
PTWI for 70 kg adult person (mg/week/70 kg body wt.)
c
PTDI (Permissible Tolerable Daily Intake) (mg/day/70 kg body wt.)
d
EWI (Estimated Weekly Intake) (mg/week/ kg body wt.)
e
EDI (Estimated Daily Intake) (mg/day/ kg body wt.)
f
There is no PTWI set for Co
It can be seen from Table 1 that the estimated EWIs and EDIs of heavy metals in this study are far below the
recommended PTWIs and/or PTDIs and indicated no adverse effects to the consumers.
4 Conclusions
The highest levels of all the heavy metals in this study were measured in gills and liver, while muscle and eggs
show the lowest levels. The reason for high metal concentrations in the gills and liver it is suggested that they
should be removed completely and washed well before cook. In view of the results it was indicated that Fe, Zn,
Mn, Co, Cu, Cr, Pb, Cd, Ni, Al and Hg levels in the edible tissues of whiting (
M. merlangus
) from Sinop coasts of
the southern Black Sea during September 2014 and February 2015 were considerably lower than the maximum
levels set by the national (Turkish Food Codex, 2002) and international (MAFF, 1995; Council of Europe, 2001;
Commission Regulation, 2006 and 2015) standards. Therefore it could be concluded that there is no risk in
consumption of
M. merlangus
collected from Sinop coast of the Black Sea. Further research is therefore suggested
to determine the concentration of heavy metal from other regions of the Black Sea.
References
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