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International Journal of Marine Science 2013, Vol.3, No.19, 151-157
http://ijms.sophiapublisher.com
151
Research Article Open Access
Immunomodulating Properties of Bioactive Compounds Present in
Aurora
globostellata
K. Chairman
1
, M. Jeyamala
1
, S. Sankar
2
, A. Murugan
1
, A.J.A. Ranjit Singh
1
1. Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology, Sri Paramakalyani College, Alwarkurichi, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu,
627 412, India
2. CAS in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai – 608502, India
Corresponding author email: singhspkcc@gmail.com
International Journal of Marine Science, 2013, Vol.3, No.19 doi: 10.5376/ijms.2013.03.0019
Received: 19 Mar., 2013
Accepted: 16 Apr., 2013
Published: 22 Apr., 2013
Copyright
©
2013 Chairman, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use,
distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article:
Chairman et al, 2013, Immunomodulating Properties of Bioactive Compounds Present in
Aurora globostellata
, International Journal of Marine Science, Vol.3,
No.19 151
-
157 (doi: 10.5376/ijms.2013.03.0019)
Abstract
Marine sponges are animals belonging to the Phylum Porifera. They are well known for its medicinal value. However, to
prove its efficiency for the clinical utilization, more experimental data will be beneficial. The present study involved the investigation
of immunomodulatory activities of ethyl acetate extract of marine sponge
Aurora globostellata
from Tuticorin coast of India
.
The
extract was studied for acute toxicity (OECD-425 guideline), Haemagglutinating antibody (HA) titre and delayed-type
hypersensitivity (DTH) response for their immunomodulatory potential. The evaluation of immunomodulatory potential by oral
administration of ethyl acetate extract of marine sponge (200 mg/kg) evoked a significant decrease in antibody titre values, and also
in delayed type hypersensitivity reaction induced by sheep red blood cells. The results obtained in the present study indicated that
extract of marine sponge
Aurora globostellata
possesses immunosuppressant activity and can be studied further for isolation of the
compounds which can be used for organ rejection purpose in future.
Keywords
Aurora globostellata
; Haemagglutinating antibody (HA) titre; Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response
Introduction
Marine sponges are a rich source of biologically active
secondary metabolites with novel chemical structures.
Most bioactive compounds from sponges can be
classified
as
anti-inflammatory,
antitumor,
immunosuppressive or neurosuppressive, antiviral,
antimalarial, antibiotic and antifouling agents. The
chemical diversity of sponge products is remarkable.
In addition to the unusual nucleosides, bioactive
terpenes, sterols, cyclic peptides, alkaloids, fatty acids,
peroxides, and amino acid derivatives (which are
frequently halogenated) have been described from
sponges (Joseph and Sujatha, 2011; Sipkema et al., 2005).
The immune system has evolved through millions of
years to combat the invading pathogens. Without this
highly sophisticated defense system, human beings and
other animals would succumb in an environment
infested with hostile, invisible microbes and other
infectious agents. The immune system of the body not
only recognizes and fights against exogenous intruders
but also sometimes destroy abnormal endogenous cancer
cells. The functioning of such a system is of great
significance for the survival of any animal which is
affected by new entry chemicals. As a result, there is a
suppression of immune response in the animals and the
animals are susceptible to microbial invasion. Hence it
is imperative to protect the organisms that are very
useful to human beings and also human from pathogenic
organisms. In this concern many chemical drugs are
developed to enhance immunity but all these drugs
leave side effects so a search for immunomodulating
drug from natural products got a global attention. To
utilize the bioactive compounds for modulating human
immune system, experimental studies are needed by
using some mammalian experimental system (Kalirajan
et al., 2013).
In the present study the eighteenth fraction of column
separated extracts of
Aurora globostellata
3-hydroxy-
tetradecanoic acid
was fraction to be the major
constituents. So this fraction was used for Immuno-
modulatory studies.
Immunostimulants and Rodents
Rodents or murine immune system is an experimental