International Journal of Marine Science, 2017, Vol.7, No.3, 19-30
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2.8 Transparency
The transparency variability figures of Caspian Sea water were drawn using the Standard centennial observatory
data of hydrology profiles (Figure 11). The Caspian Sea water transparency increases with depth incensement.
Almost, in all the seasons the water transparency in the central part of Caspian Sea is about 10-15 meters. The
maximal transparency has been observed in the region of Lankaran trough. In this area, the maximal water
transparency has been measured in the depth of 20 meters in summer, in July. The least water transparency has
been recorded with in depth of one meter in Volga river mouth, north Caspian. In north Caspian, the maximal
water transparency has been observed in April and July or when the sea waves are less effective and the amount of
fluvial drifts are lower. According to the data mentioned in the map of Caspian Sea water transparency, in all the
seasons the transparency in the western part is less than the eastern part of Caspian Sea (Figure 11).
Figure 11 The annual mean of Caspian Sea water transparency
3 Conclusions
On the basis of main results can conclude that temporal index of Caspian Sea fluctuation is related to global
climate change and glacial period had great effect on the Caspian Sea level changing during late Pleistocene and
Holocene. Recent global warming impact and human activities have caused many periodic fluctuations in the
Caspian Sea with high velocity which is 100 time more than ocean fluctuation. Low precipitation and high
evaporation is vital issue during drought period for Caspian Sea fluctuation. The fluctuation amplitude of Caspian
Sea was 150 meters during late Pleistocene and Caspian Sea level has fluctuated about 25 meters at the Holocene
epoch. So rapid sea level changing is the most characteristics of Caspian Sea and integrated coastal zone
management is so vital plan for crisis management and hazard mitigation. Morphological configuration of
