International Journal of Horticulture, 2016, Vol.6, No.21, 1-8
3
Table 2 Promising cashew hybrids in relation to specific agro-economic traits
Wide range of variability was observed in all traits with maximum being in number of perfect flowers
(15.41-233.43) followed by sex ratio (0.063-0.563), apple weight (30.69-149.78) and nuts/panicle (2.22-8.02) as
also revealed from coefficient of variability i.e., 50.83%, 42.48%, 30.79% and 26.02% respectively. Dadzie et al.
(2014) reported significant differences in the performance of the clones in all morpho-economic traits. Harrish et
al. (1994) recorded wide variation in height, girth, East- West and North-South spread of plant. In vogue, clones
having wider sex ratio are high yielder in Cashew (Dorajeerao et al., 2001). Under Bhubaneswar condition, sex
ratio varies from 0.093% to 1.038% in various cashew types (Sen et al., 1995) and it varied from 0.07(Ullal
2)0.73(Vengurla 3) to under transitional tract of Karnataka, India(Hegde et al., 2000). Devi (1981) recorded
maximum variability for percentage hermaphrodite flower, nut weight, shelling % and mean nut yield. Aliyu and
Awopetu (2011) also reported highest variability in production of hermaphrodite flowers among yield related traits.
In contrast, Dasmohapatra et al. (2012a) observed maximum variability of sex ratio followed by nut yield (kg/tree)
and nuts/panicle. However, nut weight and flowering shoots/m
2
of canopy showed moderate genotypic and
phenotypic co-efficient of variability. Aravindakshan et al. (1986), however, observed significant difference in
apple weight with the highest value in H 3/13 (132.67 g) and lowest in K 28-2 (31.33 g).
On an average, the cashew genotypes flowered at five years after planting (from seeds) and grown to a height of
4.11 m averaged over observations recorded in March, 2011 and 2012 (at the time of harvest). The height of plants
among 71 test genotypes ranged from 2.77 m in M 44/3 to a maximum height of 4.97 m in cashew nut hybrids B 5
Sl.
Characters
Range
Promising Cashew types
1
Plant height(m)
2.77 - 4.97
A-48, A-71,A-95, A-99, B-5, B-6, B-27, B-31, B-35, C-41, E-12,
E-16, H-8, I-12, I-16, I-20,
2
Trunk girth(cm)
46.43 -73.91
C-41, E-3, E-16
3
Canopy spread(E-W)
3.27-4.68
--
4
Canopy spread(N-S)
2.96-5.22
A-33, A-48, A-71, B-5, B-27, C-30, C-41, D-9, D-10, G-8, G-9, H-6,
H-8,H-26, I-12, J-12
5
Total laterals/ m
2
10.71-24.64
A-48, A-62, A-71, A-99, B-27, B-31, C-7,C-30,D-15,D-19, D-47
6
Number of flowering laterals/m
2
12.60-22.87
A-48, A-62, A-71, A-99, B-27, D-19,D-47,F-28
7
Number of staminate flower
222.07-526.57
B-5
8
Number of Perfect flower
15.41-233.43
C-41, D-47, F-27, F-28, F-32, F-38
9
Total number of flower
268.33-723.06
F-27, F-28,F-38
10
Sex ratio
0.063-0.550
C-14, C-41, D-47, F-28, F-32, F-38, G-8, J-12, M-44/3
11
% of perfect flower
5.89-35.61
C-14, C-41, D-47, F-28, F-32, F-38, G-8, J-12, M-44/3
12
% of staminate flowers
64.38-94.10
Kalyanpur bold nut(KBN)
13
Nut weight(g)
5.32-12.84
D-19, D-47,F-28, KBN, VTH-711/4, Kankady
14
Kernel weight(g)
1.56-3.88
E-16, E-28,F-28, VTH-711/4, Kankady
15
Shelling %
24.37-34.41
A-71, B-27,E-28,F-16,F-28, RP-2
16
Apple length(cm)
3.58-7.84
C-41,F-27,VTH-711/4
17
Apple weight(g)
30.69-149.8
C-30,C-41,D-19,D-47,E-16,F-16,F-27,F-28,F-32,F-38,I-3,I-12,I-20,
VTH-711/4,Kankady
18
Apple: Nut
4.59-11.66
I-3,I-20, VTH-711/4, Kankady
19
TSS(0 brix)
9.93-17.45
A-62, A-95, B-5,
C-14,C-30,D-9,F-20,F-32,G-8,G-16,G-23,J-20,KBN,RP-2,Kankady,
BPP-30/1
20
Panicle length(cm)
12.28-25.37
B-6, B-27,B-31,C-44, E-28, VTH-711/4
21
Panicle breadth(cm)
14.47-31.49
B-5,B-6,B-27,C-14,C-30,C-41,C-44, D-19,D-29,E-28,G-25,RP-2
22
Nuts/panicle
2.22-8.02
A-48, A-71, G-8, G-9, RP-1, RP-2, BPP-30/1
23
Nut yield(kg/plant)
1.59-4.34
A-48,A-71,B-27,C-30,C-41,D-19,G-8, H-6, H-8,J-12, J-20
24
Nut yield (ton/ha)
0.82-2.71
A-48,A-71,B-27,C-30,C-41,D-19,G-8, H-6, H-8,J-12, J-20
