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International Journal of Horticulture. 2015, Vol. 5, No. 2, 1-8
http://ijh.biopublisher.ca
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Table 3 Experimental details
Particular
Kharif
-2012
Variety
BSR 2
Spacing
45 cm×15 cm
Gross plot
6.0 m×4.5 m
Net plot
5.7 m×3.6 m
Date of sowing
29.06.2012
Date of harvest
15.03.2013
weeding operation is arduous, time consuming, back
breaking and may not be undertaken at appropriate time
due to non-availability of labours during peak period.
So, it is not possible to control the weeds timely with
the traditional methods like hand weeding. Chemical
weed control is an alternative practice for the control
of weeds. In view of the importance of chemical weed
control in turmeric, field experiments were carried out
during kharif 2012 at Agricultural Research Station,
Bhavanisagar of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University,
to evaluate the integrated weed management with pre
and post emergence herbicides in turmeric. The results
of the experimentation are discussed below.
2.1 Plant height
Plant height was significantly influenced by different
weed control treatments. During kharif 2012, at 60
DAP, pre-emergence application of metribuzin 0.7
kg·ha
-1
+ HW on 45 and 75 DAP (T1) recorded
significantly taller (44.7 cm) plants than other weed
control treatments. However, the plant height of
pre-emergence application of metribuzin 0.7 kg ·ha
-1
+
HW on 45 and 75 DAP (T1) was comparable with that
of PE pendimethalin 1.0 kg·ha
-1
+ HW on 45 and 75
DAP (42.2 cm), hand weeding at 25, 45 and 75 DAP
(41.7 cm) and PE oxyfluorfen 0.30 kg·ha
-1
+ HW on
45 and 75 DAP (40.2 cm). Unweeded check (T15)
recorded significantly shorter plants (29.1 cm) and it
was at par with POE glyphosate 1.54 kg·ha
-1
on 25
DAP + HW on 45 and 75 DAP (31.5 cm), PE atrazine
0.75 kg·ha
-1
+ POE fenoxaprop 67 g·ha
-1
+
metsulfuron 4 g·ha
-1
(Tank mix) on 45 DAP (32.2 cm),
PE pendimethalin 1.0 kg·ha
-1
+ POE fenoxaprop 67
g·ha
-1
+ metsulfuron 4 g·ha
-1
(Tank mix) on 45 DAP
(32.3 cm), PE atrazine 0.75 kg·ha
-1
+ straw mulch 10
t·ha
-1
on 10 DAP + HW on 75 DAP (33.9 cm), PE
metribuzin 0.7 kg·ha
-1
+ POE fenoxaprop 67 g·ha
-1
+
metsulfuron 4 g·ha
-1
(Tank mix) on 45 DAP (34.4 cm)
and PE pendimethalin 1.0 kg·ha
-1
+ straw mulch 10
t·ha
-1
on 10 DAP + HW on 75 DAP (34.6 cm). The
same trend was observed in 120, 180 and 240 DAP.
Growth attributes like plant height, dry matter
production, number of tillers plant-1 and leaf area
development are the reflective processes of effective
utilization of resources in a better crop production
environment. Conducive crop growth environment
with minimum stresses due to biotic factors like lesser
weed competition reflects further on better yield
attributes of crops. Dramatic variations in growth and
yield attributes of turmeric was noticed due to
different weed control methods primarily associated
with change in weed flora composition with varying
weed density and weed dry weight. In turmeric during
both the years of study, pre-emergence application of
metribuzin 0.7 kg·ha
-1
+ HW on 45 and 75 DAP
recorded comparatively taller plants than un-weeded
check (Table 5), which may be attributed to better
weed control with favourable soil environment that
might have resulted in reduced crop-weed competition
for the growth factors such as light, space and
nutrients which in turn helped in efficient
photosynthetic activity recording taller plants.
Decreasing weed density results in increased plant
growth was supported by Hashim et al. (2003) and Jan
et al. (2004). Among the treatments imposed, PE
atrazine 0.75 kg·ha
-1
+ POE fenoxaprop at 67 g·ha
-1
+
metsulfuron at 4 g·ha
-1
(Tank mix) on 45 DAP (T8)
and unweeded check (T15) showed significant
reduction in plant height at all the growth stages of the
crop. This was attributed to suppressing effect of
uncontrolled weeds by these treatments on crop plants.
Similar findings have been reported by Chander et al.
(1997). From the experimental results, it is evident
that high competition of weeds reduced the input
availability to plants, thus reduced the plant height to
a greater extent. PE pendimethalin 1.0 kg·ha
-1
+ HW
on 45 and 75 DAP (T4) and hand weeding on 25, 45
and 75 DAP (T14) resulted in better growth of
turmeric recording comparatively taller plants than
unweeded control. Efficacy of pre-emergence
herbicide or manual weeding in controlling the weeds