International Journal of Horticulture, 2017, Vol.7, No.22, 180-204
188
There are five methods of hybridization based on relationship between parental plants.
Intravarietal hybridization:
In this case, crosses are made between the plants of same variety in self pollinated
crops.
Intervarietal hybridization (intraspecific):
In this method crosses are made between the plants belonging to
two different varieties of the same species. It is useful in the improvement of self-pollinated as well as cross
pollinated crops. This method is utilized for the development of cultivars of most of the flower crops like
Chrysanthemum, Gladiolus, Rose, Bougainvillea, Hibiscus
and
Camellia
(‘April Blush’, ‘April Dawn’, ‘April
Rose’, ‘April Snow’).
Gladiolus varieties
: Meera (G.P. 1 × Friendship), Nazrana (Black Jack × Friendship), Apsara (Black Jack ×
Friendship), Suverna (Hall Mark x Fidelio), Urvashi (Eurovision x Snow Princess), Neelima (Tropic Sea x Snow
Princess), Roshni (Friendship Pink x Red Beauty), Jamuni (Lavender Puff x Tropic Sea).
Hibiscus varieties
: Basant (IIHR ×Rachaiah), Chitralekha (Debby Ann ×H. S. 203), Marathi (H. S. (red) ×H. S.
123), Nazneen (H. S. 203 ×Rashtrapati), Phulhari (H. S. 139 ×H. S. 181), Ashirbad (H.S. 21 x Hombe Gowda).
Rose varieties
: Pusa Ajay (Pink Parfait x Queen Elizabeth), Pusa Komal (Pink Parfait x Suchitra), Pusa Manhar
(Jantar Mantar x Lahar), Pusa Ranjana (Pink Parfait x Iceberg), Pusa Muskan (Pink Parfait x Alinka), Pusa Priya
(Jantar Mantar x Queen Elizabeth), Pusa Pitamber (Jantar Mantar x Banjaran), Pusa Bahadur (Cara Mia x
Century Two), Pusa Shatabdi (Jadis x Century Two), Bougainvillea varieties: Begam Sikander (‘Dr.B.P.Pal’ x
‘Jennifer Fernic), Chitra (‘Tetra Mrs. McClean and ‘Dr.B.P.Pal), Mary Palmer Special (‘Princess Margaret
Rose’x ‘B.P.Pal’), Wajid Ali Shah (‘Dr.B.P.Pal and ‘Mrs.Chico’).
Interspecific hybridization (intrageneric):
In this method, the plants of two different species belonging to the
same genus are crossed together. This method is utilized in cultivar evolution of petunia, orchid, bougainvillea,
lilium, amaryllis, verbena etc. Crosses in lilium, orchid,
Hemerocallis
,
Victoria amazonica
,
Bougainvillea
spectabilis
x
Bougainvillea glabra
are common.
Intergeneric hybridization:
In this case, crosses are made between the plants belonging two different genera. It
is usually used for transferring the characters like diseases, insects and drought resistance from wild genera into
the cultivated plants. This method is exploited for the varietal development of orchids (De et al, 2014).
Bigeneric Hybrids:
Aerdachnis = Aerides ×Arachnis
;
Aeridocentrum = Aerides×Ascocentrum
;
Aeridopsis = Aerides ×Phalaenopsis
;
Aranda= Arachnis x Vanda
Trigeneric Hybrids:
Brassolaeliocattleya = Brassavola ×Laelia ×Cattleya
;
Colmanara = Miltonia ×Odontoglossum ×Oncidium
;
Vascostylis = Vanda ×Ascocentrum x Rhynchostylis
Tetrageneric Hybrids:
Iwanagara = Brassavola ×Cattleya ×Diacrinum ×Laelia
;
Kirchara = Cattleya ×Epidendrum ×Laelia ×Sophronitis
;
Potinara = Brassavola ×Cattleya×Laelia ×Sophronitis
Pentageneric Hybrids:
Goodlera = Brassia ×Cochlioda ×Miltonia ×Odontoglossum ×Oncidium
;
