International Journal of Aquaculture, 2018, Vol.8, No.21, 156-160
157
1 Materials and Methods
The data were collected from the articles of the journals, books and chapters of book, reports of workshop, and
reports of FAO, unpublished reports, the memoirs and theses of doctorate. The documents were collected from the
libraries of the University of Abomey-Calavi, of Halieutic Production Direction (DPH) in Benin, various
researchers, and the data bases of internet.
2 Protein Requirements
In fish tissue, there is approximately 70% of protein of dry weight organic; therefore, protein content is one of the
most essential nutritional compounds of feeds of the fish. Crude protein content is the general measure of fish feed
quality, and is usually referenced when identifying specific fish feeds. Generally, the protein level of feed is
directly proportional to the fish growth, if the level is within the range of approximately 20 to 40% crude protein.
Optimum dietary protein levels vary with fish species, water temperature, feeding frequency, stage of life, daily
feed allowance, quality of protein, and quantity of non-protein energy (Hancz, 2011).
The methods employed to determine the needs for protein, however, can over-estimate the needs, out of protein of
the diet excessive or the amino acids, to be stored, are catabolized the carbohydrates and greases preferentially
finished and are employed for energy by some fish (Wilson, 1989).
2.1 Protein requirement of
Parachanna obscura
larvae
The answer of increasing dietary protein on growth parameters, were determined in
Parachanna obscura
larvae.
The initial body weight was 0.12 ±0.01 g. Five semi-purified isoenergetic experimental diets were formulated
(35, 45, 50, 55 and 60 g/100 g of diet). Growth parameters and feed utilization were influenced by dietary protein
(
p
<0.05). Second degree polynomial regression and broken line models were used to analyze the relationships
between dietary crude protein and SGR (Figure 1). Based on the results of it study, requirements of protein of
P. obscura
larvae are included between 45 and 55.5% of the diet (Kpogue et al., 2012c).
Figure 1 Determination of maximum dietary protein requirement of
P. obscura
larvae according (Brett and Grove, 1979) method
2.2 Protein requirement of
Parachanna obscura
fingerlings
The impact of increasing dietary protein on growth parameters, were determined in
Parachanna obscura
larvae. The
initial body weight was 0.12 ±0.01 g. Five-isoenergetic semi-purified diets were formulated to evaluate the effects
of dietary crude protein levels on growth and feed utilization of snakehead,
Parachanna obscura
(4.08 ±0.07 g).
Experimental diets were formulated to contain graded levels of crude protein (CP; 30, 40, 45, 50 and 60 g/100 g
of diet). Growth performances and nutrient utilization parameters of fingerlings fed different diets varied
significantly (
p
<0.05) (Figure 2). The relationship between the dietary CP and specific growth rate (SGR) indicated
that protein requirements of
P. obscura
fingerlings ranged from 42.5 to 53.5% of diet (Kpogue et al., 2013b).
