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International Journal of Aquaculture, 2014, Vol.4, No.08
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53
Protein productive value (PPV) = (Final fish body
protein - initial body protein)/ Crude protein intake ×100
Nitrogen metabolism (NM) = 0.549 x (W
i
+ W
f
) t / 2
Where, W
i
= Initial mean weight of fish, W
f
= Final
mean weight of fish, t = Experimental period in days,
0.549 = Metabolism factor
Apparent net protein utilization (ANPU) = P
2
– P
1
/ PI
×100
Where: P
1
= initial protein in fish carcass at the
beginning of the experiment
P
2
= final protein in fish carcass at the end of the
experiment
PI = protein intake
4.5 Analytical methods
Toasted and incubated soybean meals, experimental
diets and fish carcass were analyzed for proximate
composition before and after the experiment according
to the methods of A.O.A.C (2005).
4.6 Statistical analysis
Data resulting from the experiment was subjected to
one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS
(Statistical Package for Social Sciences 2006 version
15.0). Duncan multiple range test was used to
compare differences among individual means.
Authors’ contributions
This work was carried out by two authors; OSE and NLC. Author NLC
conceived the idea, NLC and OSE designed the study and wrote the
protocol, author NLC supervised the study. Author OSE performed the
experiment and the statistical analysis as well as managed the literature
searches. Also, Author OSE wrote the first draft of the manuscript. All
authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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