International Journal of Aquaculture, 2018, Vol.8, No.18, 137-144
142
that high stocking density increases constraints (aggressive behavior, dominance), that provokes high energy
needs leading to the reduction of food conversion rate (Suziki et al., 2001; Begout-Anras and Lagardere, 2004).
The effects of density on survival were demonstrated by several authors (Wilbur, 1977; Hota and Dash, 1981).
This latter depends on the species (Pangni et al., 2008). In the current study, survival rate of
H. occipitalis
tadpoles
(86.333 ±3.333 to 30.388 ±1.734%) decreased while stocking density increased (Figure 2). Similar results were
recorded in
R. catesbeiana
tadpoles (Munguia-Fragozo et al., 2015),
P. saharicus
(Meher et al., 2014),
L. aurea
(Browne et al., 2003). Although, our results are lower than those recorded in
R. catesbeiana
(Flores-Nava and
Vera-Muñoz, 1999) and those of Martìnez et al. (1996) in
R.
perezi
. These results may due to experimental
conditions of rearing media and climate. The high survival recorded in D
1
could be attributed to favorable
environmental conditions during the experiment period. This is in accordance with results of El-Sherif and
El-Feky (2009) who indicated highest survival rates could be tied to favorable ecological conditions.
4 Conclusion
At the end of the current study, it results stocking density affects specific growth rate, survival rate and feed
conversion rate of
H. occipitalis
tadpoles in the different ponds. Those maintained at high densities (10 to 20
tadpoles/L) had low growth that indicates disfavorable rearing conditions of tadpoles. The density of 5 tadpoles/L
is recommended so that to reduce stress and improve maximal growth performances of
H. occipitalis
tadpoles.
Authors’ contributions
All authors, TG, ET, AD, YZ, NIO, and EDF, have made adequate effort on all parts of the work necessary for the development of
this manuscript according to his expertise. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Acknowledgements
The authors thank World Bank through African Center of Excellence on Climate, Biodiversity and Sustainable Agriculture
(CEA-CCBAD) for financial support for the scholarship granted to Théophile GODOME. We thank, Azon M.T. Césaire,
Zannou G.
James and
Alapini Landry for her contribution to this work. The authors thank also the reviewers for their contribution in improve
the scientist quality of this manuscript.
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