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Genomics and Applied Biology 2014, Vol. 5, No. 2, 1-6
http://gab.biopublisher.ca
1
Research Report
Open Access
Expression Analysis of
Arabidopsis thaliana
Genes
ARGAH1
、
ARGAH2
and the
Response to Sodium Chloride Stress During Seed Germination
Xiaoxu Zhang
1
, Xinxin Zhang
1
, Tetsuo Takano
2
, Shenkui Liu
1
, Yuanyuan Bu
1
1 Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field (SAVER), Ministry of Education, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science
Center (ASNESC), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
2 Asian Natural Environmental Science Center (ANESC), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 188-0002, Japan
Corresponding author email:
buyuanyuan5384@163.com
,
Authors
Genomics and Appied Biology, 2014, Vol.5, No.2 doi: 10.5376/gab.2014.05.0002
Received: 18 Feb., 2014
Accepted: 21 Mar., 2014
Published: 22 Mar., 2014
© 2014 Zhang et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use,
distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article:
Zhang et al., 2014, Expression Analysis of
Arabidopsis thaliana
Genes
ARGAH1
、
ARGAH2
and the Response to Sodium Chloride Stress During Seed
Germination, Genomics and Applied Biology, Vol.5, No.2, 1-6 (doi: 10.5376/gab.2014.05.0002)
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana
possesses two arginase-encoding genes (
ARGAH1
、
ARGAH2
), which catalyses the catabolism of
arginine into L-ornithine and urea. In this research, we focus on the function of the two genes (
ARGAH1
、
ARGAH2
) encoding
Arabidopsis thaliana
arginase. The cDNA of cloned
ARGAH1
is 1347 bp, and 5' untranslated region (UTR) is 145 bp and the 3' UTR
is 166 bp. The open reading frame of
ARGAH1
is 1029 bp, encoding 342 amino acids.
ARGAH2
is 1284 bp, and 5' untranslated
region (UTR) is 34 bp and the 3' UTR is 215 bp. The open reading frame of
ARGAH2
is 1035 bp, encoding 344 amino acids. We
studied the different expression models of arginase genes under NaCl stress by qRT-PCR and other biotechnology. Interestly, we
observed that the expression of
ARGAH1
and
ARGAH2
is both induced by NaCl stress. At the same time, the enzyme assay of
argianse also showed an increase during seed germination. Therefore, we maintain that the argianse genes play a role against to NaCl
stress especially during the germination.
Keywords
Arabidopsis thaliana
, ARGAHs, Salt Stress, Seed Germination
1 Introduction
The life circle of higher plants begins with the seed
germination (Yan, 2014); the seed germination
directly concerts the survival rate of seedings and the
condition of the follow-up growth (Gutterman, 2002).
Therefore, the germination of seed has a significant
meaning to the growth and development. As we know,
the seed of
Arabidopsis thaliana
is surrounded by the
endosperm, which is made up by only a single layer
cell and the episperm (Holdsworth
et al.,
2008;
Weitbrecht
et al.,
2011). Then the seed germination is
defined as two stages. The first stage is completed by
the time that the radicle broken through ednosperm.
And the second stage is accomplished by the time
radicle broken through episperm (Bentsink and
Koornneef, 2008). During the seed germination period
plants need to carry on a large amount of metabolism
for accomplishing the growth and development.
However, there are lots of environmental factors that
restrict the seed germination and the salt stress is a
kind of stresses.
Salt stress is a usual stress type, the half of the world
irrigation soil and the twenty percent of cultivated
land is suffered to the salt stress at different levels
(Zhu, 2001). Salt stress causes ion poison, osmotic
stress, and the accumulation of ROS, leading to the
peroxidation of lipid and the inactivation of
antioxidant enzyme (Mittler, 2002; Tanou
et al., 2
009).
It is reported that salt stress has a serious influence to
seed germination. High salt density can decrease the
germination rate of seed, delaying the germination
time and reducing the rate that seeding grown up
(Almansouri
et al.,
2001). Consequently, researching
the influence of salt stress in the seed germination has
a significant meaning in order to find out the suitable
method to decrease even remove the effect of salt to
seed germination.
A lot of nitrogen elements largely in seed is stored in
the form of storage proteins, providing an adequate
nitrogen source for the subsequent seed germination
and seeding growth in the early development period.