Bioscience Methods 2018, Vol.9, No.1, 1-11
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concentration is an indication of unevenness in nutrient composition probably due to human activities in the study
area. The chloride content in this study is higher than the values previously reported ins some surface water in
Bayelsa state including Igbedi creek (0.36-0.46 mg/l) (Seiyaboh et al., 2013b), Ikoli creek (1.60-3.40 mg/l)
(Ogamba et al., 2015b), Taylor creek (6.29 mg/l) (Daka et al., 2014), Epie creek (1.65-4.62 mg/l) (Izonfuo and
Bariweni, 2001), Kolo creek (1.257-1.467 mg/l) (Ogamba et al., 2015a), Nun River (0.50-3.47 mg/l) (Ogamba et
al., 2015c) The higher concentrations of chloride content is this study is an indication of higher concentration of
cation in the water (Ogamba et al., 2015c; Ben-Eledo et al., 2017). Chloride concentration in the water is lesser
than the standard specified for drink water by Nigerian drinking water quality agency and World Health
Organization.
2.13 Dissolved oxygen
The concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water ranged from 5.96-6.71 mg/l. There was significant difference
(P<0.05) among the different locations (Table 1). The variation may be associated to the flow rate of the water
during the period (Ben-Eledo et al., 2017). The values reported in this study is with the values reported in Epie
creek (1.38-9.06 mg/l) (Izonfuo and Bariweni, 2001; Ben-Eledo et al., 2017) Kolo creek (5-7.92 mg/l)
(Aghoghovwia and Ohimain, 2014). But far higher than the values reported in Igbedi creek (2.7-4.1 mg/l)
(Seiyaboh et al., 2013b), Tombia bridge construction area (4.8-5.2 mg/l) (Seiyaboh et al., 2013a), and lower than
the values reported in Nun River (10.20-14.23 mg/l) (Agedah et al., 2015). Differences among the various studies
may be attributed to time of the sampling (Agedah et al., 2015) and prevailing anthropogenic activities that may
have impacted on the water quality.
2.14 Biological oxygen demand
Biological oxygen demand concentration of the water samples ranged from 148.80-157.13 mg/l. Typically there
was significant variation (P<0.05) among the different locations. Again this could be due to the flow rate as well
as level of human activities in the water. The values reported in far higher than the values previously reported in
some surface water resources in Bayelsa state including Epie creek (0.31-94.95 mg/l) (Izonfuo and Bariweni,
2001; Ben-Eledo et al., 2017) Taylor creek (4.24 mg/l) (Daka et al., 2014), Tombia bridge construction area
(2.6-2.9 mg/l) (Seiyaboh et al., 2013a), Igbedi creek (2.4-4.7 mg/l) (Seiyaboh et al., 2013b), Kolo creek (1.50-3.35
mg/l) (Aghoghovwia and Ohimain, 2014). The high biological oxygen demand observed in the present study may
be associated with the amount of substances that could reduce oxygen availability in the water (Ben-Eledo et al.,
2017). On the overall, the result showed high contamination.
2.15 Calcium
The calcium concentration in the water ranged from 7.05-9.20 mg/l. There was no significant variation (P>0.05)
among the various locations except for Location A. The differences suggest varying level of anthropogenic
activities that could affect cation concentration of the water. Calcium showed positive significant relationship with
magnesium at P<0.05 (Table 2). The calcium level observed in the present study is high compared to the values
observed in some surface water in Bayelsa state including Nun River at Amassoma axis (0.80-2.33 mg/l) (Ogamba
et al., 2015c), Kolo creek (1.107-1.183 mg/l) (Ogamba et al., 2015a), Epie creek (3.20-7.53 mg/l) (Izonfuo and
Bariweni, 2001), Taylor creek (3.78 mg/l) (Daka et al., 2014), and far lower than the value of observed in Epie
creek in 2016 (16.53-43.09 mg/l). The calcium concentration in the water is lesser than the standard specified for
drink water by Nigerian drinking water quality agency and World Health Organization (Table 3). High calcium
content observed in the present study is a reflection of high cations concentrations in the water (Ben-Eledo et al.,
2017).
2.16 Magnesium
The magnesium level in the water ranged from 1.92-3.17 mg/l, being significantly different (P<0.05) among the
various locations. Magnesium showed negative relationship with potassium at P<0.05 (Table 2). Again, these
suggest varying level of anthropogenic activities that could affect water quality. The values observed in this study
were slightly lower than the values observed in Epie creek (3.07-10.46 mg/l) (Ben-Eledo et al., 2017), Kolo creek
