Bioscience Methods 2016, Vol.7, No.1, 1-4
3
Continuing Table 1
Sr. No
Source plant
50% petroleum ether +
5gm powder of
Seedling emergence
Seedling emergence (%)
RL (cm)
SL (cm)
15
Ocimum sanctum
L.
Leaf
92
15.6
14
Stem
100
13
12.5
Root
80
12
11
16
Ruelia tuberosa
L.
Leaf
100
12.3
11
Stem
60
11
12.3
Root
70
10.2
10
17
Samania saman
(Jacq.)
Merr.
Leaf
60
03
02
Stem
80
02
03
Root
50
12
10
18
Tagetis erecta
L.
Leaf
60
07
06
Stem
40
06
08
Root
12
12
11.2
19
Control
Sterile distilled water
56
12
10
There was maximum seedling emergence due to plant extracts of
Azadirachta indica
A. Juss (leaf 100 %),
Eucalyptus globulus
. Labill. (leaf 100 %),
Ocimum americanum
L. (leaf 100 %),
Ocimum sanctum
L. (stem
100 %) and
Ruelia tuberosa
L. (leaf 100 %). These plant extracts showed stimulatory effects on seedling
emergence (control 56 %).
Shoot and root lengths were stimulated due to extracts of
Cyperus rotundus
L. (leaf 16.3 cm) and
Ocimum
sanctum
L. (leaf 14 cm). Some extracts had inhibitory effects on shoot and root length.
Similar findings were recorded on different crops by various workers like Gomati et al. (2000), Ahmed and Aquil
(2003), Patni et al. (2005), Rosa-Casian et al. (2007) and Duraipandiyan and Ignacimuthu (2007). Umer et.al.
(2014) studied Antifungal potential of twenty antagonistic plants was assessed against the most damaging
phytopathogenic fungus
Macrophomina phaseolina
. All the test plants inhibited the growth of
M. phaseolina
significantly to varying levels. Arshad et al. (2012) studied antifungal potential of an allelopathic grass
Sorghum
halepense
Pers. for the management of
M. phaseolina
isolated from charcoal rot infected cowpea plants. In
laboratory bioassays, different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0 g/ml) of methanolic extracts of shoot, root and
inflorescence of the test grass were evaluated for their in vitro antifungal activity against
M. phaseolina
. Extracts
of all the three parts of the grass exhibited variable antifungal activity. El-Kholie et al. (2012) shown antifungal
effects of ehanolic and methanolic extracts of
Azadirachta
on different fungi. Wadkar and Kadam (2014) tried
Argemon maxicana
and
Calatropis gagantia
extracts on root rot of Chickpea and found to be effective. Manoorkar
et al. (2015) reported antifungal effect of ethanol and aqueous extracts of leaf & latex of
Calatropis procera
(Ait.)
against ten seed-borne dominant fungi viz.,
Curvularia lunata
,
Alternaria alternata
,
Rhizoctonia solani
,
Fusarium
solani
,
Penicillium chrysogenum
,
Aspergillus niger
,
A. flavus
,
A. terrus A. fumigatus
, and
Rhizopus
sp. Zakaria et
al. (2015) found that ethanolic extracts of
Datura strumanium
,
Mentha longifolia
and
Malva parviflora
were
effective against
Alternaria alternata
,
Botrytis cinerea
, and
Penicillium italicum
.
References
Ahmad I., and Aqil, F., 2003, Broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal activities and potency of crude alcoholic extract and fractions of
Delonix regia
flowers, second world congress on “Biotechnological developments of herbal medicine” NBRI, Lucknow, Up, India, February, 74:20-22.
Arshad J., Syeda F.N., and Amna S., 2012, Antifungal activity of methanolic extracts of
sorghum halepense
against
Macrophomina phaseolina
, Journal of
medicinal plants research, 6(24):4102-4106.
Duraipandiyan V., and Ignacimuthu S., 2007, Antibacterial and antifungal activity of C
assia fistula
: an ethno-medicinal plant, Journal of ethnopharmacology,
112(3), 590-594.
El-Kholie E.M., Mohammed A., Abdelreheem T., and Khader S.A., 2012,
Azadirachta indica
extracts influenced some pathogenic fungi, African journal of
microbiology research, 6(27): 5645-5649.
