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Animal Molecular Breeding 2014, Vol. 4, No. 1, 1-5
http://amb.biopublisher.ca
1
Research Report Open Access
Identification of novel single nucleotide polymorphisms in candidate genes for
mutton quality in Indian sheep
Reena Arora
1
, Harikesh Singh Yadav
2
, Dinesh Kumar Yadav
3
1. Animal Biotechnology Division, National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal-132001, Haryana, India
2. Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar-243122, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
3. Livestock Information Management Section, National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal-132001, Haryana, India
Corresponding author email
Animal Molecular Breeding, 2014, Vol.4, No.1 doi: 10.5376/amb.2014.04.0001
Received: 10 Oct., 2014
Accepted: 06 Nov., 2014
Published: 24 Nov., 2014
© 2014
Arora et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use,
distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article:
Arora et al., 2014, Identification of novel single nucleotide polymorphisms in candidate genes for mutton quality in Indian sheep ,
Animal Molecular
Breeding, Vol.4, No.1, 1-5
(doi
Abstract
The study reports the identification of novel SNPs in candidate genes for mutton quality across a panel of eleven
phenotypically and geographically diverse Indian sheep breeds. The investigated candidate genes were
CAPN4, CAST, FABP3
and
DGAT1
which are known to be polymorphic
.
Nine novel SNPs could be identified across the studied gene loci which were in the
heterozygous condition. One SNP in the exon 1 of
DGAT1
was non-synonymous. The average expected heterozygosity determined in
the eleven Indian sheep breeds at these loci was 0.328. The allele and genotype frequencies for all the identified SNPs were
determined. The average haplotype and nucleotide diversity across all loci were 0.545 and 0.206 respectively. The information
generated provides preliminary indication of the functional diversity present in Indian sheep. Future studies will be required to
establish the effect of the reported SNPs in the Indian sheep populations.
Keywords
Genes; Polymorphism; Indian sheep; Mutton; SNP
Background
The Indian mutton industry is largely dependant on
regional demands and a preference for particular meat
among some communities in specific geographical
areas.The variability of mutton quality that can be
seen within and between different sheep breeds may
be the result of genetic variation found in genes linked
to these traits. The existence of major genes associated
with mutton quality provides excellent opportunities
for improving its quality. The major constraint for
improving mutton quality in Indian sheep is the lack
of knowledge on physical as well as genetic attributes
of mutton quality from different sheep breeds/
populations. The candidate gene approach involving
genes with known expression of certain proteins
provides genomic information that may be used in
genetic improvement of sheep in the absence of
resource flocks in the country. Some candidate genes
like calpain (
CAPN4
), calpastatin
(
CAST
)
,
diacylglycerol
acyltransferase 1 (
DGAT1
)
and
fatty acid binding
protein 3 (
FABP3
)
have been implicated in muscle
development and fat metabolism (Goll et al. 1992;
Calvo et al. 2004; Scata et al. 2009). The
CAPN4
is a
cytosolic endopeptidase that requires calcium for
catalytic activity, whereas
CAST
is a specific
endogenous inhibitor that acts on calpain (Ma et al.
1993). These genes are involved in muscle
development, growth (Nonneman and Koohmaraie,
1999) as well as in eating quality (tenderness) of the
mutton (Byun et al. 2009). The
DGAT1
and
FABP3
are involved in fatty acid metabolism and associated
with milk fat content and marbling (Scata et al. 2009;
Xu et al. 2009). It is imperative that knowledge be
acquired of the available Indian sheep populations which
are as yet untouched reservoirs of potential genes
defining mutton quality. The present study was therefore,
undertaken with the aim to screen Indian sheep for
previously reported polymorphic loci in candidate genes
possibly associated with mutton quality traits.
1 Results
Nine novel SNPs were identified in the four gene loci
for mutton quality traits, across a panel of 11 diverse
Indian sheep breeds. These SNPs were named as per