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Triticeae Genomics and Genetics 2014, Vol.5, No.2, 1-11
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crosses were non-significant in which one cross
showed no heterosis. Maximum positive heterosis was
recorded by the cross combination Shalimar-88 ×
Chenab-2000 (12.04%) followed by Shalimar-88 ×
Punjab-85 (10.19%). Maximum negative heterosis
was recorded by the cross combinations Punjab-85 ×
Maya/Pavon (-30.06%) followed by Maya/Pavon ×
Uqab-2000 (-29.24%). For tillers per plant under heat
stress environments 31 crosses showed negative
heterosis. Twenty one showed negative and highly
significant, 5 negative and significant and 5 showed
negative and non-significant results. Maximum
negative and highly significant values were shown by
the crosses Inqilab-91 × Shalimar-88 and its reciprocal
with values of (-40.74%) and (-39.26%) respectively
followed by cross combination Uqab-2000 ×
Inqilab-91 showed a negative value of (-31.93%).
Remaining 11 crosses which showed positive
heterosis 6 were highly significant and 4 were
non-significant and one cross showed no heterosis
with a value of (0.00%). Maximum positive value was
shown by the cross Chenab-2000 × Uqab-2000 with
its reciprocal i.e., (25.49%) and (22.55%) respectively.
1.7 Heterobeltiosis for tillers per plant under
normal and heat stress conditions
For tillers per plant heterobeltiosis studies under
normal conditions indicated that only 2 crosses
showed positive heterosis with one cross highly
significant and one cross non-significant. Reduction in
tillers per plant was shown by 40 crosses with 32
crosses highly significant, 1 cross was significant and
7 crosses non-significant. Maximum positive and
highly significant heterobeltiosis was recorded by the
cross combination Shalimar-88×Chenab-2000 (11.46%).
Maximum negative values was shown by the cross
combinations Weebli-1×Chenab-2000 (-32.89%)
followed by Maya/Pavon × Uqab-2000 (-31.73%).
For heterobeltiosis under stress conditions reduction
in number of tillers was shown by 36 crosses. Among
these 36 crosses 28 were negative and highly
significant, 3 were significant and remaining 5
negative crosses showed non-significant results.
Among 6 positive crosses 3 were significant and 3
were non-significant. Maximum negative heterobeltiosis
was shown by the cross combinations Inqilab-91 ×
Shalimar-88 and Uqab-2000 × Inqilab-91 with values
of 46.67%) and (-46.00%) respectively. Maximum
positive heterobeltiosis was shown by the cross
Chenab-2000 × Uqab-2000 (10.34%) followed by the
hybrid Uqab-2000 × Punjab-85 (8.33%).
1.8 Heterosis for 100-grain weight under normal
and heat stress conditions
Heterosis studies for 100-grain weight under normal
sowing indicated that all the crosses for this yield
related trait showed positive heterosis. However, 31
crosses manifested highly significant results 8 crosses
showed significant and 3 crosses showed
non-significant results. Maximum positive heterosis
was shown by the cross combinations Chenab-2000 ×
Inqilab-91 (28.22%), Chenab-2000×Uqab-2000
(24.82%) followed by the cross Inqilab-91 ×
Chenab-2000 (23.99%). For 100-grain weight under
heat stress conditions 22 crosses showed positive
heterosis. Among these 15 crosses showed highly
significant results, 2 crosses showed positive and
significant results and 5 showed non-significant
results. While 20 crosses showed negative heterosis.
Among them 13 were highly significant, 2 were
significant and 5 were non-significant. Among crosses
showing maximum positive heterosis Inqilab-91×
Weebli-1 (23.35%) was at the top followed by
Chenab-2000×Inqilab-91 (22.22%) and Maya/Pavon×
Shalimar-88 (19.52%). Maximum negative heterosis
was shown by the hybrids Punjab-85×Shalimar-88
(-25.49%), Chenab-2000×Shalimar-88 (-24.30%) and
Shalimar-88 × Punjab-85 (-23.63%).
1.9 Heterobeltiosis for 100-grain weight under
normal and heat stress conditions
Heterobeltiosis studies under normal conditions for
100-grain weight revealed that 39 crosses showed
increase in mid parental value with 18 crosses
showing highly significant results, 9 crosses
significant results and 12 crosses non-significant
results. Only three crosses showed negative and
non-significant heterobeltiosis. Maximum heterobeltiosis
was shown by the cross combination Chenab-2000×
Inqilab-91 (27.87%) followed by Chenab-2000×
Uqab-2000 (24.15%). Maximum negative heterobeltiosis
was exhibited by the cross combination Punjab-85 ×
Weebli-1 (-3.23%).
As for the increase over better parent heterobeltiosis is
concerned under the late sown conditions 23 cross
combinations were negative and highly significant, 2