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Molecular Plant Breeding 2013, Vol.5, No.4, 18
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23
http://mpb.biopublisher.ca
19
(Griffing, 1956). Hence the study was undertaken to
estimate the combining ability in terms of specific and
general combing ability and also the heterosis in the
present work.
Result and Discussion
The analysis of variance for combining ability
(general and specific combining ability) was found
highly significant for all the characters (Table 1)
indicating that both additive and non additive gene
actions played significant role for the expression of
these characters. GCA variances were higher in
magnitude than the SCA variances for most of the
characters indicating the pre dominance of the
additive gene effects for the characters. Kularni (1999)
and Hannan (2007) also reported that additive gene
effects appeared more important than non
-
additive
gene effects for average fruit weight, early yield, total
yield and TSS in %.
General Combining ability effects
The GCA component is primarily function of the
additive genetic variance. GCA and SCA variances
with each parent play significant role in the choice of
parents. A parent with higher positive significant GCA
effects is considered as a good general combiner. The
results of GCA to effects for fortheen characters are
present in the Table 2. The estimates of GCA effects
for plant height are given in Table 2. Parent
IIHR
-
2865 (P
6
) showed highest positive GCA effect
(8.63**) followed by parent IIHR
-
2754 (P
1
) with the
GCA effect (5.67**) on the other hand parent
IIHR
-
2858 (P
2
) showed highest negative significant
effect (
-
12.30). So, the parent IIHR
-
2865 (P
6
) was the
best general combiner for plant height.
Parent IIHR
-
2754 (P
1
) showed the highest GCA effect
(0.24**) for number of primary branches per plant and
three parents showed the negative significant effects.
Parent IIHR
-
2863 (P
4
) showed highest negative
significant effect (
-
0.13). For the character number of
secondary branches per plant Parent IIHR
-
2754 (P
1
)
showed the highest positive significant effect (0.94**)
so Parent IIHR
-
2754 (P
1
) was the best general combiner
for the number of secondary branches per plant.
Parent IIHR
-
2754(P
1
) performed as the best general
combiner for total number of inflorescence with the
GCA value (3.10**) followed by Parent IIHR
-
2858
(P
2
) with GCA value (1.21**) Since these parents had
the higher and significant positive GCA effects. The
other parent showed either insignificant or negative
significant GCA values for this trail Dharmatti (1995)
or Patil (2003) also reported such findings.
The estimates of GCA effects for average fruit weight
showed that parent IIHR
-
2864 (P
5
) had the highest
positive significant GCA value (4.59** ) followed by
parent IIHR
-
2860(P
3
) (0.65). The other parents had
either insignificant or significant GCA values for this
trait thus IIHR
-
2864(P
5
) was the best general
combiner to use in crosses for improvement of
individual fruit weight as indicated by significant and
higher GCA effects the findings were similar to Dod
et al. (1995) and Pradeep Kumar et al., (1997) and
Dharmatti (1995). For fruits per kg among seven
parents five parents showed positive significant effects
and two parents showed negative significant effects,
the parent IIHR
-
2754 (P
1
) had highest positive
significant value (8.61**) and IIHR
-
2864(P
5
) had
highest negative significant value (
-
12.16) so
IIHR
-
2754 (P
1
) was the best general combiner for the
character numbers of fruits per kg. IIHR
-
2858(P
2
) had
the highest positive significant GCA effect (0.56**)
followed by parent and parent IIHR
-
2754(P
1
) (0.52**)
and parent IIHR
-
2864(P
5
) showed the negative GCA
effect (
-
1.15) for fruits per cluster. And for fruits per
plant parent IIHR
-
2754 (P
1
) had the highest positive
significant effect (49.90**) fallowed by IIHR
-
2858(P
2
)
(34.34**) and three parents showed negative
significant effects. General combining ability effect
for yield per plant showed that parent IIHR
-
2754 (P
1
)
had the highest positive significant value (0.11**) and
two parents showed negative significant GCA values.
For yield per plot the parent IIHR
-
2866(P
7
) had
highest positive significant effect (5.43**) fallowed
by parent IIHR
-
2865(P
6
) with GCA effect (0.77) and
parent IIHR
-
2863(P
4
) had highest negative significant
effect (
-
3.53) fallowed by IIHR
-
2858(P
2
), IIHR
-
2860(P
3
)
with same GCA value (
-
2.38). General combining
ability effect for yield per hectare among seven
parents three parents showed positive significant
effects and four parents showed negative significant