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Molecular Plant Breeding 2014, Vol.5, No.3, 10
-
17
http://mpb.biopublisher.ca
10
Research Report Open Access
Assessment of Genetic Variation in Indian Mustard (
Brassica juncea
L.) Using
PCR Based Markers
Nancy Gupta
1
, Sajad Majeed Zargar
1
, Moni Gupta
2
, S K Gupta
3
1. School of Biotechnology, SKUAST-J, Chatha, Jammu, J&K, 180009, India
2. Division of Biochemistry and Plant Physiology, SKUAST-J, Chatha, Jammu, J&K, 180009, India
3. Division of Plant Breeding and Genetics, SKUAST-J, Chatha, Jammu, J&K, 180009, India
Corresponding authors email: smzargar@gmail.com
Authors
Molecular Plant Breeding, 2014, Vol.5, No.3 doi: 10.5376/mpb.2014.05.0003
Received: 31 Mar., 2014
Accepted: 09 Apr., 2014
Published: 24 Apr., 2014
Copyright
©2014 Gupta et al. This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article:
Gupta et al., Assessment of Genetic Variation in Indian Mustard (
Brassica juncea
L.) Using PCR Based Markers, Molecular Plant Breeding, Vol.5, No. 3
10
-
17 (doi: 10.5376/mpb.2014.05.0003)
Abstract
Indian mustard
(
Brassica juncea
L.) is an important oilseed crop with oil content ranging from 30 to 48 percent. However,
presence of high erusic acids, glucosinolates and saturated fatty acids and also narrowed genetic base of existing varieties confines its
use. The present investigation was undertaken to explore the diversity among Indian mustard genotypes (varieties) using molecular
markers. We used RAPD and EST based SSRs as the markers for assessment of genetic variation among 23 genotypes of
Brassica
juncea
L. cultivated in North India. In order to be sure about the authenticity of primers especially RAPDs, four other genotypes of
different
Brassica
species were also considered for this investigation. To determine the discriminatory power of the RAPD primers,
polymorphism percentage, PIC, MI and Rp were calculated. Finally the cluster analysis was done to determine the genetic diversity
among the 27 genotypes, which includes 4 genotypes of other
Brassica
species. The polymorphism percentage of more than 91% and
86.66% was observed using the fifteen reproducible RAPDs and three EST SSRs respectively. Moreover the PIC values observed
corresponds to 0.303, with 4.44 marker index and 6.89 resolving power for RAPDs, however, SSRs showed the PIC value of 0.281,
with 0.94 marker index and 0.269 resolving power. The parameters calculated to estimate the discriminatory power presented a
significant correlation and their high values depict the potential of primers for distinguishing the genotypes. The cluster analysis
based on UPGMA separated the genotypes in two major groups. To the best of our expectations, all the genotypes of
Brassica juncea
are grouped in one major cluster and genotypes of other
Brassica
species are grouped in different cluster. Based on these preliminary
results, the diverse genotypes can be used as a genetic stock for improvement of this crop in future breeding programs.
Keywords
Indian mustard; RAPD markers; Polymorphism; Genetic diversity; PIC
Introduction
Brassica juncea
commonly known as Indian mustard
is an amphidiploid species that originated through the
interspecific hybridization of
Brassica rapa
and
Brassica nigra
(U., 1935). It is utilized worldwide as
an oilseed, a condiment, vegetable, green manure,
forage and fodder and cultivated primarily in tropical
and sub-tropical countries (Gangapur et al., 2010). As
for production of mustard is concerned, India is far
behind, which may be due to lack of proficient
varieties. In order to enhance the production by
developing new cultivars, the knowledge about the
genetic wealth of available germplasm is must.
Genetic diversity information forms the foundation of
any breeding program and is of great importance to
the sustainability of plant populations. An understanding
of organized germplasm and relationship among
genotypes provides an opportunity to develop
improved crops by more efficient sampling of
genotypes (Afiah et al., 2007).
DNA based molecular marker techniques are being
used enormously for estimating the magnitude of
diversity. Diversity analysis studies in various crops
have extrapolated the potential of RAPD and SSR
markers (Gupta et al., 1999; Khan et al., 2011;
Gangapur et al., 2010; Yousuf et al., 2013; Turi et al.,
2012; Huang et al., 2011). RAPD-like assays can
search large genomic portions due to their abundant
distribution in the genome and there by presenting a
more accurate picture of genetic variation within the
crop plants in an efficient and inexpensive ways