Page 8 - Molecular Plant Breeding

Basic HTML Version

Molecular Plant Breeding 2010, Vol.1 No.3
http://mpb.sophiapublisher.com
Page 5 of 6
mixture contained 1.5 µL 10x buffer (50 mmol KCl,
10 mmol Tris-HCl pH 8.3), 1.5 mmol/L MgCl
2
, 200 µmol/L
each dNTP, 250 nmol/L each primer, 1 unit
Taq
polymerase
and 50~100 ng template DNA. The reagents in PCR
reaction were obtained by Chengdu Feike BioTechno-
logy Co., Ltd (http://www.fkbio.com). The PCR conditio-
ns were as follows: denaturation at 94
for 4 min,
followed by 40 cycles of 9
4℃
for 1 min, 50~60
(depending on the individual primer) for 1 min, 72
for
1 min and a final extension at 72
for 10 min. PCR
products were mixed with 6 µL formamide loading
buffer (98% formamide, 10 mmol/LEDTA, 0.25%
bromophenol blue, 0.25% xylene cynol, pH 8.0). Each
sample of 8~10 µL was loaded on 6% denaturing
polyacrylamide gels and run at 400 V for approximately
1 h and then dyied by the silver staining method as
described by Bassam (1991).
3.4 Linkage analysis
The linkage map was generated using MAPMAKER/Exp
version 3.0b (Lincoln et al., 1992). An LOD score of 3.0
was used as a threshold for the declaration of linkage,
Genetic distances in centimorgans (cM) were calculated
by applying the Kosambi (Kosambi, 1944) mapping
function and. The genetic map was drawn with the
software Mapdraw V2.1 (Liu and Meng, 2003).
Authors’contributions
JL conducted the major part of this study including experimental design,
construction of the F
2
population, SSR analysis, and manuscript preparation.
HTW participated SSR analysis and genetic linkage mapping. XRH
participated construction of the F
2
population. BRL assisted in the
development of the project and manuscript preparation. WYY participated
in the development of the project, experimental design and manuscript
preparation. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Jie Liao for her part experiments. This work was
supported by the National 863 program (No. 2006AA10Z1C6), and the
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30771338 and
30700495).
References
Bassam B.J., Caetano-Anolles G., and Gresshoff P.M., 1991, Fast and
sensitive silver staining of DNA in polyacrylamide gels, Anal. Biochem.,
196: 80-83
Cakmak I., Cakmak O., Eker S., Ozdemir A., Watanabe N., and Braun H.J.,
1999, Expression of high zinc efficiency of
Aegilops tauschii
and
Triticum monococcum
in synthetic hexaploid wheats, Plant and Soil,
215: 203-209
Daryl J.S, Isaac P., and Edwards K., 2004, A high-density microsatellite
consensus map for bread wheat (
Triticum aestivum
L.), Theoretical and
Applied Genetics, 109: 1105-1114
Eastwood R.F., Lagudah E.S., Appels R., Hannah M., and Kollmorgen J.F.,
1991,
Triticum tauschii
: a novel source of resistance to cereal cyst
nematode (
Heterodera avenae
), Australian Journal of Agricutural
Research, 42: 69-77
Flintham J.E., and Humphrey S.J., 1993, Red coat genes and wheat
dormancy, In: Kettlewell P.S. (eds.), Cereal quality
, Aspects of
Applied Biology, Vol. 36, Association of Applied Biologists,
Wellesbourne, Warwick, UK. pp. 135-141
Flintham J.E, 2000, Different genetic components control coat imposed and
embryo-imposed dormancy in wheat, Seed Science Research, 10: 43-50
Gale M.D., Atkinson M.D., Chinoy C.N., Harcourt R.L., Jia J., Li Q.Y., and
Devos K.M., 1995, Genetic maps of hexaploid wheat, Proceedings 8th
International Wheat Genetics Symposium (Li Z.S. and Xin Z.Y. eds.),
China Agricultural Scientech Press, Beijing, pp.29-40
Gatford K.T., Hearnden P., Ogbonnaya F., Eastwood R.F., and Halloran
G.M., 2002,
Novel resistance to pre-harvest sprouting in Australian
wheat from the wild relative
Triticum tauschii
, Euphytica, 126: 67-76
Genc Y., and McDonald G.K., 2004, The potential of synthetic hexaploid
wheats to improve zinc efficiency in modern bread wheat, Plant and
Soil, 262: 23-32
Gorham J., 1990, Salt tolerance in the Triticeae: K/Na discrimination in
synthetic hexaploid wheats, Journal of Experimental Botany,
41:
623-627
Groos C., Gay G., Perretant M.R., Gervais L., Bernard M., Dedryver F., and
Charmet G., 2002, Study of the relationship between pre-harvest
sprouting and grain color by quantitative trait loci analysis in a white
×
red grain bread-wheat cross,Theor. Appl. Genet., 104:39
47.
Hajjar R., and Hodgkin T., 2007, The use of wild relatives in crop
improvement: A survey of developments over the last 20 years,
Euphytica, 156: 1-13
Himi E., Mares D.J., Yanagisawa A., and Noda K., 2002, Effect of grain
colour gene (R) on grain dormancy and sensitivity of the embryo to
abscisic acid (ABA) in wheat, Journal Experimental Botany, 53:
1569-1574
Hollenhorst M.M., and Joppa L.R., 1983, Chromosomal location of genes
for resistance to greenbug in ‘Largo’ and ‘Amigo’ wheats, Crop Science,
23: 91-93
Imtiaz M., Ogbonnaya F. C., Oman J., and Ginkel van M.,
2008,
Characterization of quantitative trait loci controlling genetic variation
for preharvest sprouting in synthetic backcross-derived wheat lines,
Genetics, 178(3): 1725-1736
Kema G.H.J., Lange W., and van Silfhout C.H., 1995, Differential
suppression of stripe rust in synthetic wheat hexaploid from
Triticum
turgidum
subsp.
dicoccodides
and
Aegilops squarrosa
, Phytopathology,
85: 425-429
Kosambi D.D., 1944, The estimation of map distances from recombination
values, Ann. Eugen., 12: 172-175
Kuraparthy V., Sood S., and Gill B.S., 2008, Targeted genomic mapping of
a red seed color gene (R-A1) in wheat. Crop Science, 48, 37-48
Lage J., Skovmand B., and Andersen S. B., 2003, Expression and
suppression of resistance to greenbug (Homoptera: Aphididae) in
synthetic hexaploid wheats derived from
Triticum dicoccu
m
×
Aegilops
tauschii
crosses, Journal of Economic Entomology,
96: 202-206
Lage J. and Trethowan R. M., 2008, CIMMYT’s use of synthetic hexaploid
wheat in breeding for adaptation to rainfed environments globally,
Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 59: 461-469
Lincoln S., Daly M., and Lander E., 1992, Constructing genetic maps with
Mapmaker/EXP3.0, Whitehead Institute Techn Rep, 3rd edition,
Whitehead Institute, Cambridge
Liu R.H., and Meng J.L., 2003, MapDraw: a Microsoft Excel macro for
drawing genetic linkage maps based on given genetic linkage data,
Hereditas (Beijing), 25: 317-321
Limin A.E., and Fowler D.B., 1993, Inheritance of cold hardiness in
Triticum aestivum
×
synthetic hexaploid wheat crosses, Plant Breeding,