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Genomics and Applied Biology, 2011, Vol.2 No.5
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Figure 2 PCR amplification of cDNA from
sd1
(
GA20ox
-
2
) transcript and their
Pma
CI-digestion
Note: Left four lanes are PCR product by primers F1 and R4, and right four lanes show the fragments after PmaCI-digestion.
Template RNAs ware extracted from leaf and root of Koshihikari and Hikarishinseiki, respectively.
Pma
CI split the PCR product
from Hikarishinseiki into two fragments, while the PCR product from Kosihikari remained as a single fragment
RNA extracted from the root was used as the template
then the 779 bp fragment by primers F1 and R4 was
cleaved into the 613 bp and 166 bp fragments by
Pma
CI digestion in Hikarishinseiki (Figure 2).
Accordingly, it can be said that
sd1
was transcribed in
Hikarishinseiki.
1.2 Trait expression of
sd1
in the isogenic background
through multiregional tests
We analyzed the data of performance tests conducted
in 17 regions across Japan over a period of two years
from 2006 to 2007 (Table 1; Table 2).
Heading: During the 2
-
year study period, Hikarishinseiki
headed 'extremely early', on average 0.25 days earlier
than Koshihikari.
Plant height: The average height of Hikarishinseiki is
72.2 cm (77% of Koshihikari, range 74%~81%), which
is on average 20.6 cm (23%) shorter than Koshihikari.
There was very little difference in the national average
values for plant height and other characteristics during
the 3–year study period, and as a result, shown values
represent 3
-
year averages.
Degrees of lodging: The average degree of lodging
was 0.2, which is between ±0~+3.8, indicating a
significant improvement in lodging resistance.
Ear length: Ear length was 18.3 cm (98% that of
Koshihikari), and the ratio to Koshihikari ear length
ranged from 90% to 107%.
Number of ears: The average number of ears was
429/m
2
(109% that of Koshihikari), and the ratio to
Koshihikari ear number ranged from 96% to 117%. In
Ishikawa prefecture, the number of ears was 10%
more than that of Koshihikari in 2 consecutive years,
and numbers were higher than Koshihikari in 90% of
prefectures. Having a large number of ears is one of
the notable characteristics of Hikarishinseiki.
Brown rice yield: The average brown rice yield over
the 2 years was 56.5 kg/a (101% that from Koshihikari),
but the ratio to that from Koshihikari varied signify-
cantly between regions from 86% to 124%. In some
regions, average brown rice yield was ≥7% than that
of Koshihikari in 2 consecutive years (Nagano: +13%
in 2006, +8% in 2007, Ishikawa: +7% in 2006, +24%
in 2007, Tottori: +8% in 2005, +9% in 2006), while in
other areas (Toyama and Tokushima) they were ≤5%,
indicating regional differences in yield. Moreover, the
yield and number of ears did not necessarily
correspond. In some areas, Hikarishinseiki showed a
larger yield but similar number of ears compared to
Koshihikari.
Grain weight of brown rice: The average grain weight
of Hikarishinseiki brown rice was 22.0 g (101% that
of Koshihikari, ranging from 96% to 105%).
Brown rice quality: The average brown rice quality
was 4.6 and the difference with that of Koshihikari
ranged from +1.0 to
-
1.5. This score indicates ‘medium’
quality, the same class quality given to Koshihikari.
Taste: Overall taste was on average
-
0.1 using