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Genomics and Applied Biology, 2011, Vol.2 No.4
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giving tolerance against various abiotic stresses into
desirable varieties. The strategy shown in the Figure 1
can be used to transfer the desirable markers. Through
molecular breeding approach it is quite possible to go
for background selection for rapid
introgression of
desirable markers without any linkage drag. This is the
marker assisted back crossing procedure, represented in
Figure 1. For background selection markers are be
selected randomly from the genetic map of that
species covering all chromosomes. It will be desirable
to select the markers in such a way that whole
chromosome is covered (equal distributed markers).
Such marker should show polymorphism among the
parents. The time limit can further be decreased by
developing F1 population of contrasting parents (isogenic
lines) and generating dihaploid (DH) population from
pollen culture to get the homozygosity in an earlier
generation and then analyzing the population for
presence of desirable genomic fragments. Figure 2
represents the procedure of marker assisted selection
with dihaploidy for introgression of desirable markers/
gene(s). Using DH population, the number of generations
is tremendously reduced and utilizing the gene linked
markers will assure the transfer of trait.
Figure 1 Marker assisted backcrossing for introgression of
desirable markers (QTLs) in an elite cultivar
Figure 2 Marker assisted selection with dihaploidy for
introgression of desirable markers (QTLs)
3.2 Proteomics based strategy to identify novel proteins
induced due to some abiotic stress
By this approach, it will be possible to resolve and
identify all the proteins that get differentially regulated by
inducing a particular stress. 2
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DGE (two-dimensional
gel electrophoresis) is the best and easiest way to
identify the differentially expressed proteins, by
comparing the 2D gel profiles of proteins extracted
from plant samples grown in different conditions.
Once we have these profiles, we can locate the
proteins whose expression is enhanced as well as
reduced due to induction of stress. By means of MS
(Mass spectrometry) these proteins can be identified
and their functionality can be determined using
various bioinformatics tools and such proteins can be
assigned to various metabolic pathways. As such it
will help us in understanding the actual impact of a
particular stress on various metabolic pathways which
may unlock the secret of potential versatility of
different proteins. The strategy is explained in Figure 3.