Molecular Entomology 2024, Vol.15, No.2, 78-86 http://emtoscipublisher.com/index.php/me 82 Figure 3Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin affects Colorado potato beetle larvae (Adopted from Balaško et al., 2020) 4.3 Precision agriculture Precision agriculture involves the use of advanced technologies to monitor and manage agricultural practices more efficiently. Remote sensing technologies, such as drones and satellite imagery, can be used to monitor CPB populations and assess the health of potato crops. These technologies provide real-time data that can help farmers make informed decisions about pest control measures, reducing the need for blanket pesticide applications and minimizing environmental impact (Pélissié et al., 2021). Automated application systems, such as precision sprayers, can target pest populations more accurately and reduce the amount of pesticides used. These systems can be programmed to apply insecticides only when and where they are needed, based on data collected from remote sensing technologies. This targeted approach not only improves the efficiency of pest control but also reduces the risk of developing insecticide resistance in CPB populations (Pélissié et al., 2021). 4.4 Environmental and regulatory considerations One of the key considerations in pest management is the impact of control measures on non-target species. Both GM crops and RNAi technologies have been designed to minimize harm to beneficial insects and other non-target organisms. However, continuous monitoring and assessment are necessary to ensure that these technologies do not inadvertently affect the broader ecosystem. The use of IPM principles can help mitigate these risks by promoting the use of multiple, complementary control methods (Naqqash et al., 2020; Rondon et al., 2021). The development and deployment of new pest control technologies must comply with regulatory frameworks designed to protect human health and the environment. Regulatory agencies evaluate the safety and efficacy of GM crops, RNAi-based products, and other pest control methods before they can be used commercially. Compliance with these regulations is essential to ensure that new technologies are used responsibly and sustainably. Ongoing research and collaboration between scientists, regulatory bodies, and farmers are crucial for the successful implementation of these modern strategies and technologies (Liu et al., 2021). 5 Case Study 5.1 Implementation of control strategies in China The Colorado Potato Beetle (CPB) has been a significant pest in various regions, including China. CPB was first reported in Xinjiang, China, in 1993, and effective control measures were implemented in Mori County. Since
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