Molecular Entomology 2024, Vol.15, No.1, 8-17 http://emtoscipublisher.com/index.php/me 16 6 Conclusion Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have made remarkable achievements in the field of insect pathogen resistance research, but they also face a series of challenges. By precisely correlating genetic variation with insect resistance traits, GWAS has revealed the genetic basis of resistance formation and provided possible ways to improve pest management strategies. However, limitations in sample size, genetic diversity considerations, complexity of environmental factors, difficulties in detecting rare variants, and data sharing and privacy protection are challenges that need to be addressed in current research. GWAS has revealed several key genes and genetic markers associated with insect resistance through association analysis, which provides new perspectives for understanding the mechanisms of insect resistance to pathogens. These research results not only enrich the basic knowledge about insect immune responses, but also provide a scientific basis for breeding pathogen-resistant insect species and developing novel biopesticides. In addition, the application of GWAS has promoted the cross-fertilization of genetics, molecular biology, ecology and other multidisciplinary fields, and promoted the in-depth development of entomological research. Future research will continue to deepen the understanding of the genetic basis of insect resistance, and the application of new technologies and methods will play a key role in this process. For example, gene editing technologies (e.g., CRISPR-Cas9) will make it possible to target specific resistance genes for precise modifications, providing new strategies for insect resistance improvement. In addition, with the development of bioinformatics and systems biology, technologies such as big data analysis and machine learning will be widely used in the processing and parsing of GWAS data to improve the efficiency and accuracy of research. In terms of research methodology, multi-omics integrated analysis (e.g., transcriptomics, proteomics combined with GWAS) will help to deeply understand the complex mechanisms of insect resistance from multiple levels. In the face of the complex scientific problem of insect pathogen resistance, interdisciplinary cooperation is particularly important. By collaborating, experts from multiple disciplines, such as genetics, molecular biology, ecology, computational biology, etc., can share knowledge, technology, and resources to explore more comprehensively and in depth the formation mechanisms and management strategies of insect resistance. In addition, interdisciplinary cooperation can help to balance the relationship between scientific research, social ethics and ecological protection, and ensure that scientific progress is balanced with the maintenance of biodiversity and the sustainable development of the ecological environment. In conclusion, interdisciplinary collaboration provides a broad perspective for the study of entomopathogen resistance, enabling scientists to synthesize the latest research results and technological tools from different fields, and to jointly face the challenges in scientific research and practical applications. In the future, this mode of collaboration will continue to play a key role in promoting the progress of entomopathogen resistance research and related application fields. References Badji A., Kwemoi D., Machida L., Okii D., Mwila N., Agbahoungba S., Kumi F., Ibanda A., Bararyenya A., Solemanegy M., Odong T., Wassw P., Otim M., Asea G., Ochwo-Ssemakula M., Talwana H., Kyamanywa S., and Rubaihayo P., 2020, Genetic basis of maize resistance to multiple insect pests: integrated genome-wide comparative mapping and candidate gene prioritization, Genes, 50(3): 161-172. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202005.0337.v2 Chen B., Zhang Y., Sun Z., Liu Z., Zhang D., Yang J., Wang G., Wu J., Ke H., Meng C., Wu L., Yan Y., Cui Y., Li Z., Wu L., Zhang G., Wang X., and Ma Z., 2021, Tissue-specific expression of ghnsltps identified via gwas sophisticatedly coordinates disease- and insect-resistance by regulating metabolic flux redirection in cotton, The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology, 3: 831-846. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.15349 Du M., Xing L.S., Qian W.Q., and Wan F.H., 2021, Advances in research on pattern recognition receptors in the Lepidoptera, Yingyong Kunchong Xuebao (Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology), 58(6): 1221-1233.
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