Journal of Mosquito Research, 2024, Vol.14, No.5, 226-236 http://emtoscipublisher.com/index.php/jmr 226 Review Article Open Access Population Dynamics and Seasonal Distribution of Mosquitoes Ying Fu, Fangya Chen, Xueyan Chen Tropical Animal Resources Research Center, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Sanya, 572000, Hainan, China Corresponding email: xueyan.chen@hitar.org Journal of Mosquito Research, 2024, Vol.14, No.5 doi: 10.5376/jmr.2024.14.0021 Received: 03 Sep., 2024 Accepted: 05 Oct., 2024 Published: 16 Oct., 2024 Copyright © 2024 Fu et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Fu Y., Chen F.Y., and Chen X.Y., 2024, Population dynamics and seasonal distribution of mosquitoes, Journal of Mosquito Research, 14(5): 226-236 (doi: 10.5376/jmr.2024.14.0021) Abstract This study synthesizes findings from various studies to elucidate the factors influencing mosquito population dynamics and their seasonal variations, highlights the significant role of environmental factors such as temperature, rainfall, and urbanization in shaping mosquito populations, and underscores the impact of socioeconomic status on mosquito distribution in urban areas. The integration of mathematical models and empirical data provides insights into the density-dependent and density-independent processes affecting mosquito seasonality. Additionally, this study discusses the implications of diapause and other survival mechanisms on mosquito population growth. The findings emphasize the need for targeted vector control measures that consider the complex interplay of ecological and social-environmental factors. Keywords Mosquito population dynamics; Seasonal distribution; Environmental factors; Socioeconomic status; Vector control 1 Introduction Mosquitoes, belonging to the family Culicidae, are ubiquitous insects found in diverse habitats worldwide. Their population dynamics and seasonal distribution are influenced by a complex interplay of biotic and abiotic factors. For instance, in the Brazilian semiarid region, the abundance of both immature and adult mosquitoes is significantly affected by temperature and wind, with specific genera showing varying correlations with these meteorological variables (Silva-Inácio and Ximenes, 2023). Similarly, in the UK, the seasonal abundance of Culex pipiens is shaped by interspecific predation and temperature-dependent larval mortality, highlighting the importance of density-independent factors in population regulation (Ewing et al., 2019). In Northern Greece, different mosquito species exhibit distinct seasonal patterns, with Aedes species appearing first in late March, followed by Culex and Anopheles species later in the year (Spanoudis et al., 2021). These patterns underscore the need for high-resolution data to accurately model and predict mosquito population trends, which are crucial for understanding vector dynamics and disease transmission (Ewing et al., 2019). Studying mosquito population trends is vital for public health and vector control efforts, as mosquitoes are primary vectors for numerous diseases, including malaria, dengue, Zika, and West Nile virus. In urban environments in the USA, socioeconomic status and environmental traits significantly influence mosquito distributions, with lower-income neighborhoods experiencing higher mosquito densities and associated disease risks (Yitbarek et al., 2023). This highlights the need for targeted vector control strategies in vulnerable communities. Additionally, understanding the seasonal dynamics of mosquito populations can inform the timing and intensity of control measures. For example, in the Brazilian Amazon, mosquito species richness and abundance are higher during the rainy season, suggesting increased vector activity and potential disease transmission during this period (Araújo et al., 2020). Effective vector control requires integrating empirical data with process-based models to predict mosquito abundance and distribution accurately, as demonstrated in studies on Aedes albopictus in Reunion Island (Tran et al., 2020). Such integrated approaches can enhance disease surveillance and control systems, ultimately reducing the burden of mosquito-borne diseases. This study seeks to synthesize current knowledge on the population dynamics and seasonal distribution of mosquitoes across different geographic regions and environmental contexts, identify key biotic and abiotic factors
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