Journal of Mosquito Research, 2024, Vol.14, No.5, 237-246 http://emtoscipublisher.com/index.php/jmr 244 populations without adverse environmental effects. Additionally, the application of plant-derived compounds provides a cost-effective and biodegradable solution for mosquito control, aligning with the goals of eco-friendly pest management. These biological methods can complement existing chemical controls, potentially reducing the overall reliance on synthetic insecticides and mitigating resistance development. Future research should focus on the large-scale field application and long-term efficacy of these biological control agents. Studies on the environmental impact and non-target effects of entomopathogenic bacteria and biosynthesized nanoparticles are essential to ensure their safety and sustainability. Further investigation into the behavioral and ecological interactions between mosquito predators and their prey can optimize the use of natural predators in vector control programs. Additionally, exploring the synergistic effects of combining multiple biological control agents could enhance overall control efficacy and provide a more robust solution to mosquito-borne diseases. Finally, the development of practical guidelines for the implementation of these biological methods in diverse ecological settings will be crucial for their successful integration into existing mosquito control strategies. Acknowledgments I am grateful to Pro. Zhang for critically reading the manuscript and providing valuable feedback that improved the clarity of the text. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The author affirms that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Achee N., Grieco J., Vatandoost H., Seixas G., Pinto J., Ching-Ng L., Martins A., Juntarajumnong W., Corbel V., Gouagna C., David, J., Logan J., Orsborne J., Marois E., Devine G., and Vontas J., 2019, Alternative strategies for mosquito-borne arbovirus control, PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 13(1): e0006822. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006822 Alfano N., Tagliapietra V., Rosso F., Manica M., Arnoldi D., Pindo M., and Rizzoli A., 2019, Changes in microbiota across developmental stages of Aedes koreicus, an invasive mosquito vector in europe: indications for microbiota-based control strategies, Frontiers in Microbiology, 10: 2832. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02832 Allgeier S., Friedrich A., and Brühl C., 2019a, Mosquito control based on Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) interrupts artificial wetland food chains, The Science of the Total Environment, 686: 1173-1184. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2019.05.358 Allgeier S., Kästel A., and Brühl C., 2019b, Adverse effects of mosquito control using Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis: reduced chironomid abundances in mesocosm, semi-field and field studies, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 169: 786-796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.050 Anders K., Indriani C., Ahmad R., Tantowijoyo W., Arguni E., Andari B., Jewell N., Rances E., O'Neill S., Simmons C., and Utarini A., 2018, The AWED trial (Applying Wolbachia to Eliminate Dengue) to assess the efficacy of Wolbachia-infected mosquito deployments to reduce dengue incidence in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial, Trials, 19: 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-018-2670-z Arias-Castro J., Martinez-Romero H., and Vasilieva O., 2020, Biological and chemical control of mosquito population by optimal control approach, Games, 11: 62. https://doi.org/10.3390/g11040062 Barbosa S., Kay K., Chitnis N., and Hastings I., 2018, Modelling the impact of insecticide-based control interventions on the evolution of insecticide resistance and disease transmission, Parasites and Vectors, 11: 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3025-z Brugueras S., Martínez B., Puente J., Figuerola J., Porro T., Rius C., Larrauri A., and Gómez-Barroso D., 2020, Environmental drivers, climate change and emergent diseases transmitted by mosquitoes and their vectors in southern Europe: a systematic review, Environmental Research, 191: 110038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.110038 Chaudhry A., 2019, Mosquito control methods and their limitations, Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira, 8(4): 2389-2398. https://doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2019.80184 Côrtes N., Lira A., Prates-Syed W., Silva J., Vuitika L., Cabral-Miranda W., Durães-Carvalho R., Balan A., Cabral-Marques O., and Cabral-Miranda G., 2023, Integrated control strategies for dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya virus infections, Frontiers in Immunology, 14: 1281667. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1281667
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